Ardisia crispa
(Thunb.) A.DC. · speciesAt a glance
Sources12 archives
Databases and archives Ardisia crispa's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation7 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility1 431 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI7 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics11 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotypeEvery layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Ardisia crispa, the Japanese holly, is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae. It is found in the eastern Himalayas, Assam, southern China, Indochina, Taiwan, Korea, the Ryukyu Islands, and Japan, and has been introduced to Queensland, Australia, and the Windward Islands in the Caribbean. An evergreen perennial shrub reaching at most , it is often sold as an ornamental for its dark green leaves and longlasting red berries, much like Ardisia crenata, the Christmas berry or coralberry.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology11
Life cycle & reproduction3
Habitat & environment8
Physiology & chemistry5
Compounds documented for Ardisia crispa across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile3 classes
Documented compounds14 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (2R,3S,4S,10Bs)-3,4,8,10-Tetrahydroxy-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-9-Methoxy-3,4,4A,10B-Tetrahydro-2H-Pyrano[3,2-C]Isochromen-6-One | present | NPASS | |
| 3,4,8,10-Tetrahydroxy-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-9-Methoxy-3,4,4A,10B-Tetrahydro-2H-Pyrano(3,2-C)Isochromen-6-One | present | LOTUS | |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aR,6bR,7S,8R,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-7,8-dihydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | present | NPASS | |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aR,6bR,7R,8aR,10S,12aS,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-7-hydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | present | NPASS | |
| [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aR,6bR,7S,8R,8aR,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-hydroxy-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-7,8-dihydroxy-2,2,6a,6b,9,9,12a-heptamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate | present | NPASS | |
| Ardisiacrispin A | present | LOTUS | |
| Ardisiacrispin B | present | LOTUS | |
| BUOLSBLQAQNNJC-KVWPVMAKSA-N | present | NPASS | |
| CRBKOYNHUIEGNA-RKQHYHRCSA-N | present | NPASS | |
| Entagenic Acid | present | NPASS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Ardisia crispa has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Ardisia crispa carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 242×CCDB · book-indian_vol1 · CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
2n 462×CCDB · book-indian_vol1 · CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type1 431 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions55 of 98 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Beijing, CN | 151 |
| Chengdu, CN | 103 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 53 |
| Nanjing, CN | 46 |
| Chiba, JP | 40 |
| Odawara, JP | 37 |
| Strecker Museum, Baylor Universitylocation not on record | 37 |
| Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record | 34 |
| Kunming, CN | 32 |
| Wuhan, CN | 30 |
| Seoul, KR | 30 |
| Yangling, CN | 28 |
| Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 28 |
| Sanda, JP | 23 |
| Taipei, TW | 21 |
| Bando, JP | 20 |
| Xiamen, CN | 19 |
| Jishou Universitylocation not on record | 17 |
| Wuhan, CN | 17 |
| Changsha, CN | 16 |
| Guiyang, CN | 16 |
| Toyama, JP | 14 |
| Chengdu, CN | 13 |
| Taipei, TW | 13 |
| Tsukuba, JP | 12 |
| Guilin, CN | 12 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 11 |
| Guiyang, CN | 10 |
| Taipei, TW | 10 |
| Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record | 9 |
| Nagano City, JP | 9 |
| Zhuzhou, CN | 9 |
| Hangzhou, CN | 9 |
| Central China Agricultural Universitylocation not on record | 7 |
| Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record | 7 |
| Kawasaki Shi Tama Ku, JP | 7 |
| Nishihara, JP | 6 |
| Cambridge, US | 6 |
| Sagamihara, JP | 5 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 5 |
| Nanyue Arboretumlocation not on record | 5 |
| South China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Durango, MX | 4 |
| Nanjing, CN | 4 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 4 |
| 黔东南州民族医药研究所标本室location not on record | 4 |
| WNNUlocation not on record | 4 |
| Zhejiang Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 4 |
| FFPRIlocation not on record | 3 |
| Jiujiang Forestry Institutelocation not on record | 3 |
| Sendai, JP | 3 |
| Nanchong, CN | 3 |
| Bangkok, TH | 3 |
| Shanghai, CN | 3 |
| Elocation not on record | 3 |
| Shanghai, CN | 2 |
| Guizhou Forestry Schoollocation not on record | 2 |
| EMTCMlocation not on record | 2 |
| Chongqing Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 2 |
| FJIDClocation not on record | 2 |
| Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 2 |
| TAIElocation not on record | 2 |
| FJFClocation not on record | 2 |
| Peking Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Edinburgh, GB | 2 |
| Miami, US | 2 |
| Saint Louis, US | 2 |
| Auckland, NZ | 2 |
| Yunnan Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 1 |
| nlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tomioka, JP | 1 |
| Herbarium of the Kyushu University Museum (FU)location not on record | 1 |
| Cambridge University Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Guiyang, CN | 1 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Kagoshima, JP | 1 |
| Parthenon Tama History Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Oiso Municipal Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Philadelphia, US | 1 |
| Austin, US | 1 |
| “Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University" NPLClocation not on record | 1 |
| Awka, NG | 1 |
| Nanjing, CN | 1 |
| JGSlocation not on record | 1 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 1 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| HUFDlocation not on record | 1 |
| Nishihara, JP | 1 |
| Xiangtan City, CN | 1 |
| Plocation not on record | 1 |
| Beijing Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Xinxiang, CN | 1 |
Where the DNA of Ardisia crispa was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.