Araucaria angustifolia, the Paraná pine, Brazilian pine or candelabra tree (, or ), is a critically endangered species in the conifer genus Araucaria. Although the common names in various languages refer to the species as a "pine", it does not belong in the genus Pinus.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Habitat GIFTCampo de Altitude, Floresta Ombrófila Mista
Mycorrhiza typenon-ectomycorrhizal
Woodinesswoody
Physiology & chemistry6
Leaf n15.1 mg/g
Leaf p1.44 mg/g
Nitrogen fixingnon_nitrogen_fixer
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Specific leaf area (SLA)3.59 mm²/mg
Wood density514 mg/cm³
Other traits1
Diaspore typegimn
03Chemical composition125 compounds
Compounds documented for Araucaria angustifolia across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Araucaria angustifolia has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens11
Marker genes5
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections10
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P★matK3★rbcL6★rbcLa★ITS1
animal barcodeplant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT
The complete instruction manualAraucaria angustifolia carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size21 858 300 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
THIS GENOME Araucaria angustifolia21.86 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Dainty, A. L. 1982. Chromosome numbers and karyotype variation in Araucaria. Kew Bull. 37: 511–514.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Cardemil, L., E. Salas & M. Godoy. 1984. Comparative study of the karyotypes of South American species of Araucaria. J. Heredity 75: 121–125.
CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants
n 131×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Mehra, P. N. 1988. Indian Conifers, Gnetophytes and Phylogeny of Gymnosperms.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy84% within 1 km
≤100 m 1 185≤1 km 420≤10 km 231>10 km 66
1 902 georeferenced · 491 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor2 393
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy61% within 1 km
≤100 m 7≤1 km 21≤10 km 5>10 km 13
46 georeferenced · 719 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence765
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy7% within 1 km
≤1 km 1≤10 km 13
14 georeferenced · 4 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living18
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions50 of 98 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
IAPlocation not on record
354
Bronx, US
52
Blumenau, BR
40
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
32
UTFPR-CPlocation not on record
20
Porto Alegre, BR
19
Campo Mourão, BR
16
Santa Barbara, US
9
JBRJlocation not on record
8
Cascavel, BR
7
Saint Louis, US
7
Christchurch, NZ
6
Auckland, NZ
6
Rotorua, NZ
6
Museo naturalistico del Frignano Ferruccio Minghellilocation not on record
6
Valparaiso, CL
6
Cenargenlocation not on record
5
Brasília, BR
5
Santiago de Compostela, ES
5
USP-IBlocation not on record
5
Ivano-Frankivsk, UA
5
PUC-RSlocation not on record
5
UFPRlocation not on record
5
UNIVILLElocation not on record
4
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paranálocation not on record
4
Lake Charles, US
4
Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sullocation not on record
4
ESALQlocation not on record
4
MAlocation not on record
4
Universidade de São Paulolocation not on record
3
Riobamba, EC
3
Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV
3
UERJlocation not on record
3
Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad del Ecuadorlocation not on record
3
UFMGlocation not on record
3
Stockholm, SE
3
UFSClocation not on record
3
ASUlocation not on record
2
TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record
2
UNESP-RClocation not on record
2
Bogotá, D.C., CO
2
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
2
UEMlocation not on record
2
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Nortelocation not on record
2
Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record
2
Maringá, BR
2
Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record
2
Salvador, BR
2
BAlocation not on record
2
UFBAlocation not on record
2
UFOPlocation not on record
2
Cuiabá, BR
2
Viña del Mar, CL
2
San Diego, US
2
Altos de Pipe, VE
1
València, ES
1
QCNElocation not on record
1
arosemena tola, EC
1
Mexico City, MX
1
Laboratory of Palaeontologylocation not on record
1
Masindi, UG
1
Foz do Iguaçu, BR
1
Criciúma, BR
1
San Sebastián, ES
1
FUVATESlocation not on record
1
Austin, US
1
La Paz, BO
1
San Isidro, AR
1
Brasília, BR
1
Tampa, US
1
Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record
1
Santa Maria, BR
1
UNISANTAlocation not on record
1
Vitoria, ES
1
UTFPR-DVlocation not on record
1
Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record
1
UNICAMPlocation not on record
1
Ilhéus, BR
1
Durango, MX
1
Barcelona, ES
1
Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record
1
Cruz das Almas, BR
1
UDESC-CAVlocation not on record
1
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)location not on record
1
Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record
1
UFMSlocation not on record
1
Universidade da Região de Joinville - Univillelocation not on record
1
Valparaíso, CL
1
Fort Worth, US
1
University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record
1
Chicago, US
1
Berlin, DE
1
UNESClocation not on record
1
Durban, ZA
1
Chaguaramas, TT
1
Institut fur Allgemeine Mikrobiologielocation not on record
1
UTFPR-SLlocation not on record
1
US
1
98 institutions · 755 of 765 vouchered records shown · 9 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA10 detections
Where the DNA of Araucaria angustifolia was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found10
Studies independent surveys1
Countries1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 10 detections have coordinates
Open the map1 country0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median7.40 °C 7.40–7.40
Seasonal swing summer↔winter25.4 °C
Max temp (day)9.60 °C
Min temp (night)3.00 °C
Precipitation344 mm/mo
Air humidity64.9 %
Moisture balance263 mm/mo
Vapour deficit428 Pa
Wind speed2.90 m/s
Cloud cover44.6 %
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 1 detection point · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation14 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility3 195 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI10 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics11 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗