Araneus marmoreus, commonly called the marbled orbweaver, is a species of spider belonging to the family Araneidae. It is sometimes also called the pumpkin spider from the resemblance of the female's inflated abdomen to an orange pumpkin. It has a Holarctic distribution.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Craig et al. 2020Pekár 2014aEntling et al. 2007Buchar & Růžička 2002Hyvärinen et al. 2019Staręga et al. 2001Henriksen & Hilmo 2015Gajdoš et al. 2014Harvey et al. 2017Liste France 2018SLU 2020Bruun & Lissner 2019Nährig et al. 2003Kielhorn 2017Finch 2004Martin 2012Buchholz et al. 2011Hiebsch & Tolke 1996Sacher & Platen 2004Lemke et al. 2013Blick & Scheidler 2004Blick et al. 2016Řezáč et al. 2015Maelfait et al. 1998Nentwig et al. 2018Cardoso et al. 2011Pekár et al. 2012a
Morphometry1
Body length♀12.8·♂7.25 mm
Predation2
Hunting guildorb web weavers
Prey diversity2.44 mm
Ecology7
Circadian activitynocturnal
Light0.625 mm
Light 2partly shaded
Moisture 10.625 mm
Moisture 2semi-humid
Regional IUCN Red List categoryLeast Concern (LC)
Regional non-IUCN Red List categoryVulnerable (3)
Biomechanics3
Silk strain0.32 mm
Silk strength1 556 mm
Silk toughness176 mm
Defence1
Primary defenceCrypsis
05DNA & barcoding289 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Araneus marmoreus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens289
BINs4
Marker genes3
eDNA detections302
Countries11
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P658 bp consensus212 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 91% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 61 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)4.1%
Haplotypes37
BINs4
Most divergent pair10.6%
N.AmericaEuropeOtherAsia
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P18S-3P18S-5P
animal barcoderibosomal
06Genome at a glanceGoaT · NCBI
The complete instruction manualAraneus marmoreus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size2 337 420 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Araneus marmoreus2.34 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Assembly levelChromosome
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type20 036 records
Wild obs. + sensor18 454
Museum / vouchered1 574
Other8
Origin
Native36
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO54 708 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy75% within 1 km
≤100 m 9 052≤1 km 2 611≤10 km 2 465>10 km 1 458
15 586 georeferenced · 2 868 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor18 454
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy34% within 1 km
≤100 m 85≤1 km 160≤10 km 391>10 km 84
720 georeferenced · 854 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 574
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions23 of 55 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Helsinki, FI
378
University of Guelph, Centre for Biodiversity Genomicslocation not on record
114
Cambridge, US
93
Brussels, BE
80
Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii Polskiej Akademii Nauklocation not on record
78
Ohio State University Acarology Laboratorylocation not on record
76
Ekaterinburg, RU
62
Edmonton, CA
56
RMZlocation not on record
45
Denver, US
36
Tartu, EE
23
Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology (IPAE), UB RASlocation not on record
22
Frankfurt am Main
19
SLU Artdatabankenlocation not on record
17
Uniwersytet w Białymstokulocation not on record
14
Champaign, US
13
Bern, CH
12
12
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record
12
Royal Saskatchewan Museumlocation not on record
11
University of Mississippilocation not on record
11
Saint John, CA
10
Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Invertebrate Collectionlocation not on record
10
NSMKlocation not on record
10
Chicago, US
9
Tilburg, NL
8
Centre for Biodiversity Genomicslocation not on record
8
University of Alberta Museums (UAM)location not on record
6
Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record
6
Bonn, DE
5
Copenhagen, DK
5
Cincinnati, US
4
National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record
3
Washington, US
3
South Kensington, GB
3
NTNU-VMlocation not on record
2
Akademia Pomorska w Słupskulocation not on record
2
European Distributed Institute of Taxonomy (EDIT)location not on record
2
Royal Ontario Museumlocation not on record
2
Kushiro City Museumlocation not on record
2
MZLUlocation not on record
2
neflocation not on record
1
DOI/FWS, Kenai National Wildlife Refugelocation not on record
1
University of Lodz, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiologylocation not on record
1
YPIMlocation not on record
1
Chicago, US
1
SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung Münchenlocation not on record
1
Rovaniemi, FI
1
University Park, US
1
Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology (IPAE) UB RASlocation not on record
1
1
Prioksko-Terrasnyi Biosphere Reservelocation not on record
1
Zoologisches Museum Hamburglocation not on record
1
Senckenberg Museum fuer Naturkunde Goerlitzlocation not on record
1
Natural History Museum, Londonlocation not on record
1
55 institutions · 1 300 of 1 574 vouchered records shown · 266 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA302 detections
Where the DNA of Araneus marmoreus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found302
Studies independent surveys3
Countries11
Verifiable raw sequence linked29
Signal confidence: moderateweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median15.8 °C 11.9–18.2
Seasonal swing summer↔winter28.7 °C
Max temp (day)21.5 °C 16.2–23.4
Min temp (night)11.2 °C 7.70–15.1
Precipitation81.0 mm/mo 50.6–116
Air humidity58.4 % 52.5–63.3
Moisture balance-35.0 mm/mo -72.4–28.8
Vapour deficit761 Pa 557–900
Wind speed2.90 m/s 2.10–4.10
Cloud cover39.0 % 32.7–51.6
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 287 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation11 languages↗
Animal Diversity WebUniv. of Michigan MZspecies account↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility20 036 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI302 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics289 specimens↗
World Spider Trait DBMasaryk University14 traits · 27 refs↗
World Spider CatalogNaturhist. Museum Bernworld catalog↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinegenome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗