Arachis hypogaea
speciesAt a glance
Sources19 archives
Databases and archives Arachis hypogaea's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation22 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility10 823 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI224 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics29 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
dukesphytochemcompounds
FooDBThe Metabolomics Innovation Centrecompounds↗
foodatlascompounds
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
phenolexplorercompounds
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
The peanut (Arachis hypogaea), also known as the groundnut, goober (US), pindar (US) or monkey nut (UK), is a legume crop grown mainly for its edible seeds. It is widely grown in the tropics and subtropics, being important to both small and large commercial producers. It is classified as both a grain legume and, due to its high oil content, an oil crop. World annual production of shelled peanuts was 44 million tonnes in 2016, led by China with 38% of the world total. Atypically among legume crop plants, peanut pods develop underground (geocarpy) rather than above ground. With this characteristic in mind, the botanist Carl Linnaeus gave peanuts the specific epithet hypogaea, which means "under the earth". The peanut belongs to the botanical family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), commonly known as the legume, bean, or pea family. Like most other legumes, peanuts harbor symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root nodules. The capacity to fix nitrogen means peanuts require less nitrogen-containing fertilizer and improve soil fertility, making them valuable in crop rotations. Peanuts are similar in taste and nutritional profile to tree nuts such as walnuts and almonds, and, as a culinary nut, are often served in similar ways in Western cuisines. The botanical definition of a nut is "a fruit whose ovary wall becomes hard at maturity". Using this criterion, the peanut is not a nut. However, peanuts are usually categorized as nuts for culinary purposes and in common English more generally. Peanuts
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology8
Life cycle & reproduction8
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment12
Physiology & chemistry4
Compounds documented for Arachis hypogaea across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds6 284 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| WATER | 842,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| CARBOHYDRATES | 717,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| FAT | 526,834 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| FIBER | 279,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem | |
| PROTEIN | 275,000 ppm | DukesPhytochem |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Arachis hypogaea has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Arachis hypogaea carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 4042×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 +7
n 208×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 · CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 +3
n 401×CCDB · eflora
tetraploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
Record type10 823 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions133 of 227 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 204 |
| Paris, FR | 164 |
| Chapingo, MX | 154 |
| Beijing, CN | 40 |
| Durango, MX | 34 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 31 |
| Bronx, US | 30 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 30 |
| Saint Louis, US | 23 |
| Yangling, CN | 22 |
| Tapachula, MX | 22 |
| Mexico City, MX | 21 |
| Nanjing, CN | 19 |
| Taipei, TW | 16 |
| Kew, GB | 16 |
| Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record | 15 |
| HUN003location not on record | 13 |
| Chengdu, CN | 12 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 12 |
| Guilin, CN | 12 |
| Kunming, CN | 11 |
| HNBlocation not on record | 10 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 10 |
| Tampa, US | 9 |
| Philadelphia, US | 9 |
| Shanghai, CN | 9 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 9 |
| Porto Alegre, BR | 8 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 8 |
| Helsinki, FI | 8 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 8 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 8 |
| Columbia, US | 7 |
| Xiamen, CN | 7 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| BGR001location not on record | 6 |
| Wuhan, CN | 6 |
| Urumqi, CN | 6 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 6 |
| Wuhan, CN | 6 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 6 |
| LDlocation not on record | 6 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 5 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 5 |
| Chiba, JP | 5 |
| Canberra, AU | 5 |
| 云南省思茅市民族传统医药研究所location not on record | 5 |
| Puerto Ayora, EC | 4 |
| Anhui Normal Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Nishihara, JP | 4 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 4 |
| Barcelona, ES | 4 |
| Riverside, US | 4 |
| Zhejiang Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 4 |
| Sanda, JP | 4 |
| Fort Worth, US | 4 |
| Bando, JP | 4 |
| Université du Lomélocation not on record | 4 |
| Riobamba, EC | 4 |
| Brisbane, AU | 4 |
| Ischia Marine Centrelocation not on record | 4 |
| South Kensington, GB | 3 |
| Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record | 3 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 3 |
| UTPLlocation not on record | 3 |
| New Haven, US | 3 |
| CNF-UFHBlocation not on record | 3 |
| Xian, CN | 3 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 3 |
| Hangzhou, CN | 3 |
| Valdosta State Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Sagamihara, JP | 3 |
| Olocation not on record | 3 |
| Jiangxi Universitylocation not on record | 3 |
| Auckland, NZ | 3 |
| Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record | 3 |
| Seoul, KR | 3 |
| Museo universitario di Chietilocation not on record | 3 |
| Turku, FI | 3 |
| Chengdu, CN | 3 |
| WAGlocation not on record | 3 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 3 |
| Xinxiang, CN | 2 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 2 |
| EL PASO, US | 2 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 2 |
| Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique / Institut de l'environnement et de recherches agricoleslocation not on record | 2 |
| Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropicallocation not on record | 2 |
| Montecillo, Texcoco, MX | 2 |
| Otaru, JP | 2 |
| Loja, EC | 2 |
| València, ES | 2 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 2 |
| Córdoba, AR | 2 |
| Mérida, MX | 2 |
| Pullman, US | 2 |
| ENTClocation not on record | 2 |
| Austin, US | 2 |
| Lanzhou, CN | 2 |
| Herbier National du Gabonlocation not on record | 2 |
| Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record | 2 |
| Nanjing, CN | 2 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 2 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 2 |
| Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologialocation not on record | 2 |
| Elocation not on record | 2 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 2 |
| Kensington, AU | 2 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 2 |
| University of New Hampshirelocation not on record | 2 |
| Smithfield, AU | 2 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 2 |
| Zhengzhou, CN | 2 |
| Changsha, CN | 2 |
| Mérida, MX | 2 |
| Austin, US | 2 |
| Palmerston, AU | 2 |
| Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record | 2 |
| KR | 2 |
| Vancouver, CA | 1 |
| Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sullocation not on record | 1 |
| Chicago, US | 1 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Hobart, AU | 1 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Corvallis, US | 1 |
| Portland, US | 1 |
| San Francisco de Campeche, MX | 1 |
| Clemson, US | 1 |
| Williamsburg, US | 1 |
| US | 1 |
| ESP004location not on record | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| Davis, US | 1 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 1 |
| Universidad de Guayaquillocation not on record | 1 |
| Giardini Botanici Hanburylocation not on record | 1 |
| Chengdu, CN | 1 |
| Allentown, US | 1 |
| AUAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| San José, CR | 1 |
| Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA)location not on record | 1 |
| UFPRlocation not on record | 1 |
| Altos de Pipe, VE | 1 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 1 |
| Claremont, US | 1 |
| Managua, NI | 1 |
| La Paz, BO | 1 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 1 |
| MAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tamil Nadu Agricultural Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Hermosillo, MX | 1 |
| CASlocation not on record | 1 |
| Minia, EG | 1 |
| Foz do Iguaçu, BR | 1 |
| Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahualocation not on record | 1 |
| SMMUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Católica de Santa Maríalocation not on record | 1 |
| Culiacán, MX | 1 |
| Jataí / Setor Industrial, BR | 1 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 1 |
| University of Southern Mississippilocation not on record | 1 |
| Northeastern Forestry Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 1 |
| College Park, US | 1 |
| Kyoto Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 1 |
| Jackson, US | 1 |
| BClocation not on record | 1 |
| LNBG$location not on record | 1 |
| PRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Durban, ZA | 1 |
| Dekalb, US | 1 |
| Monastir, TN | 1 |
| Philadelphia, US | 1 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 1 |
| UNESP-FCAVlocation not on record | 1 |
| Xining, CN | 1 |
| Cuiabá, BR | 1 |
| Podgorica, ME | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Brasília, BR | 1 |
| Universidade Paulistalocation not on record | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| Chongqing Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Zacatecas, MX | 1 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Capital Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Centre de Recherche en Sciences Naturelles (CRSN/Lwiro)location not on record | 1 |
| Tilburg, NL | 1 |
| Honolulu, US | 1 |
| Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record | 1 |
| Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (PUJ)location not on record | 1 |
| Puebla, MX | 1 |
| Aarhus, DK | 1 |
| Qarshi Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Ensenada, MX | 1 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 1 |
| Uppsala, SE | 1 |
| Autlán de Navarro, MX | 1 |
| Lake Charles, US | 1 |
| Nishihara, JP | 1 |
| 黔东南州民族医药研究所标本室location not on record | 1 |
| UChlocation not on record | 1 |
| Tuscaloosa, US | 1 |
| Shenzhen, CN | 1 |
| Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 1 |
| Post Graduate College Bannulocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Botánicas y Zoológicas - Prof. Rafael M. Moscoso, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingolocation not on record | 1 |
| Bloomington, US | 1 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 1 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Mississippi State, US | 1 |
| UEPAlocation not on record | 1 |
| GBS RAN - Glavny Botanichesky Sad Rossijskoj Akademii Nauklocation not on record | 1 |
| Chicago, US | 1 |
| Flagstaff, US | 1 |
| Odawara, JP | 1 |
| Juriquilla, MX | 1 |
| PUC-RSlocation not on record | 1 |
| UFSCarlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Arachis hypogaea was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.