A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Appias nephele has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens8
BINs2
Marker genes1
Countries1
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P658 bp consensus8 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 94% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 38 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)3.0%
Haplotypes5
BINs2
Most divergent pair5.6%
Asia
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P
animal barcode
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type55 records
Wild obs. + sensor21
Museum / vouchered34
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO152 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy43% within 1 km
≤100 m 1≤1 km 2≤10 km 3>10 km 1
7 georeferenced · 14 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor21
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km
≤10 km 5>10 km 9
14 georeferenced · 20 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence34
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions4 of 6 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Cambridge, US
7
Cleveland Museum of Natural History, OH (CLEV)location not on record
6
Tomioka, JP
2
Yokosuka City Museumlocation not on record
1
New Haven, US
1
Helsinki, FI
1
6 institutions · 18 of 34 vouchered records shown · 16 without an institution code
