Apis est un genre qui regroupe sept à neuf espèces d'insectes sociaux de la famille des Apidés (Apidae) et de la sous-famille des Apinae. C'est le seul genre de la tribu des Apini. Ces espèces produisent du miel en quantité notable ; ce genre regroupe donc les espèces qui sont principalement exploitées pour l'apiculture. Les membres de ce genre sont communément désignés par le terme abeilles, quoique ce terme puisse désigner aussi les taxons supérieurs Apoidea, Apidae et Apinae. Il existe d'autres espèces d'abeilles à miel en dehors du genre Apis, qui produisent du miel en très petites quantités. L’apidologie est la spécialité de l'entomologie qui traite des abeilles domestiques.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Compounds documented for Apis across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Apis has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens541
BINs8
Marker genes1
eDNA detections18
Countries36
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P
animal barcode
07Deep time33.9–0 Ma
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
Fossil range33.9–0 Ma Oligocene → Holocene
Dated fossil finds18
StatusStill living record runs to the present
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The solid bar is the fossil range: the span between the oldest and the youngest fossil that palaeontologists have assigned to Apis. Above itBeside it, each dot is one dated fossil find — few enough to count, so they are drawn individually rather than as a graph.
fossil range (PBDB)each dot = one dated find
How it livedPBDB
Environmentterrestrial
Motilityactively mobile
Compositionchitin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type6 168 records
Wild obs. + sensor4 245
Museum / vouchered1 847
Cultivated / captive34
Fossil36
Other6
Origin
Native1
Introduced8
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO12 048 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy98% within 1 km
≤100 m 2 367≤1 km 1 403≤10 km 69>10 km 13
3 852 georeferenced · 393 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor4 245
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy36% within 1 km
≤100 m 9≤1 km 82≤10 km 139>10 km 24
254 georeferenced · 1 593 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 847
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy
no georeferenced coordinates · 34 records without
Open the mapnot free-living34
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions21 of 44 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
National Institute for Agro-Environmental Scienceslocation not on record
1 055
Lubbock, US
145
Wuzhou, CN
114
Cornell University Insect Collectionlocation not on record
96
Huambo, AO
93
University of Central Floridalocation not on record
90
Bonn, DE
37
UnBlocation not on record
20
Cape Town, ZA
17
Philadelphia, US
14
Cleveland Museum of Natural History, OH (CLEV)location not on record
13
Provo, US
13
University Park, US
12
Durban Natural Science Museumlocation not on record
10
MJIMlocation not on record
8
Copenhagen, DK
6
University of Lodz, Dept of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiologylocation not on record
5
University of Kansaslocation not on record
4
Natural History Museum of Utahlocation not on record
4
San Diego, US
4
WSUClocation not on record
4
College Station, US
3
Chicago, US
3
Museums Victorialocation not on record
3
Denver, US
3
Sydney, AU
2
Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIAlocation not on record
2
San Luis Potosí, MX
2
Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record
2
Agricultural University of Athenslocation not on record
1
Tartu, EE
1
UGRlocation not on record
1
Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record
1
Tallinn, EE
1
OSUClocation not on record
1
New Zealand Arthropod Collectionlocation not on record
1
New Haven, US
1
Essig Museum of Entomologylocation not on record
1
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecologylocation not on record
1
Centre for Biodiversity Genomicslocation not on record
1
South Kensington, GB
1
White River Junction, US
1
QVMAGlocation not on record
1
Chicago, US
1
44 institutions · 1 799 of 1 847 vouchered records shown · 28 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA18 detections
Where the DNA of Apis was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found18
Studies independent surveys1
Countries6
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 18 detections have coordinates
Open the map6 countries0
1. Forest & Woodland|1.9. Subtropical/Tropic…
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median23.5 °C 15.1–28.2
Seasonal swing summer↔winter3.30 °C
Max temp (day)27.4 °C 20.2–31.1
Min temp (night)20.1 °C 9.80–24.7
Precipitation131 mm/mo 19.0–309
Air humidity63.6 % 56.4–68.8
Moisture balance-5.20 mm/mo -88.8–162
Vapour deficit1,043 Pa 744–1,388
Wind speed2.20 m/s 0.7–2.80
Cloud cover43.5 % 19.8–55.5
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 11 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility6 150 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI18 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics541 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗