Aphananthe aspera, commonly known as scabrous aphananthe or muku tree, is a flowering plant in the family Cannabaceae. It is found on slopes and stream banks between 100 and 1600 m. It is native to China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Compounds documented for Aphananthe aspera across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Aphananthe aspera has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens42
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences10
eDNA detections19
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
Aphananthe aspera TF<JPN>:TW019555 chloroplast rbcL gene for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit, partial cds
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK1★rbcL9★ITStrnH-psbA
plant barcodefungal barcodemarker
06Genome at a glanceCCDB
The complete instruction manualAphananthe aspera carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 261×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Oginuma, K., P. H. Raven & H. Tobe. 1990. Karyomorphology and relationships of Celtidaceae and Ulmaceae (Urticales). Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 103: 113–131.
2n 281×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Wu, Z. m. 1995. Cytological studies on some plants of woody flora in Huangshan, Anhui Province. J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 13(2): 107–112.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy61% within 1 km
≤100 m 284≤1 km 44≤10 km 74>10 km 140
542 georeferenced · 409 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor951
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy66% within 1 km
≤100 m 5≤1 km 40≤10 km 21>10 km 2
68 georeferenced · 1 671 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 739
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy
no georeferenced coordinates · 2 records without
Open the mapnot free-living2
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions60 of 100 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Odawara, JP
177
Beijing, CN
170
Nanjing, CN
103
Guangzhou, CN
89
Chiba, JP
87
Sanda, JP
81
Kunming, CN
68
Kochi, JP
54
Guilin, CN
52
Bando, JP
40
Tsukuba, JP
36
Hangzhou, CN
35
Chengdu, CN
34
Taipei, TW
34
KR
32
Yangling, CN
29
Siouxland Heritage Museumlocation not on record
27
Guangzhou, CN
25
NSMKlocation not on record
25
Kawasaki Shi Tama Ku, JP
23
Tomioka, JP
22
Taipei, TW
22
Wuhan, CN
21
Institute for Agricultural Bacteriology and Fermentation Biologylocation not on record
19
Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record
18
Changsha, CN
16
TAIElocation not on record
16
Nagano City, JP
14
Sagamihara, JP
13
Nanjing, CN
13
KURAlocation not on record
12
Forestry and Forest Products Research Institutelocation not on record
12
Nagatoro-machi, Chichibu-gun, JP
12
FFPRIlocation not on record
11
Nishihara, JP
11
Xiamen, CN
11
Northeastern Forestry Universitylocation not on record
10
Shanghai, CN
10
Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record
10
Nagasaki University - Fisherieslocation not on record
10
Guiyang, CN
10
Shanghai, CN
9
Zhejiang Universitylocation not on record
9
Chinese Academy of Forestrylocation not on record
8
Nishihara, JP
8
National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record
8
Osaka, JP
7
Tokushima, JP
7
Anhui Normal Universitylocation not on record
7
Chongqing Natural History Museumlocation not on record
7
Awka, NG
7
Zhengzhou, CN
7
Zhejiang Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
6
Toyama, JP
6
Universidad Católica de Santa Maríalocation not on record
6
J.F.Oberlin Universitylocation not on record
5
Elocation not on record
5
Seoul, KR
5
Taipei, TW
4
Parthenon Tama History Museumlocation not on record
4
Sendai, JP
4
Otaru, JP
4
Chengdu, CN
4
Zhuzhou, CN
4
Wuhan, CN
4
South China Normal Universitylocation not on record
4
Toyota city nature sanctuarylocation not on record
3
Peking Universitylocation not on record
3
Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Scienceslocation not on record
3
Guizhou Forestry Schoollocation not on record
3
Kyoto Universitylocation not on record
3
Philadelphia, US
2
“Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University" NPLClocation not on record
2
Jiujiang Forestry Institutelocation not on record
2
JP
2
KOMlocation not on record
2
Jishou Universitylocation not on record
2
Cambridge, US
2
New Haven, US
1
Fukushima Universitylocation not on record
1
Guiyang, CN
1
Fort Worth, US
1
Oiso Municipal Museumlocation not on record
1
Tianjin Natural History Museumlocation not on record
1
KIRMlocation not on record
1
WNNUlocation not on record
1
Bronx, US
1
Beijing, CN
1
College Park, US
1
Kagoshima, JP
1
nlocation not on record
1
Xian, CN
1
Vancouver, CA
1
Kew, GB
1
Rotorua, NZ
1
Saint Louis, US
1
Wlocation not on record
1
Burlington, US
1
Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record
1
DOI/NPS, Colonial National Historical Parklocation not on record
1
100 institutions · 1 714 of 1 739 vouchered records shown · 25 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA19 detections
Where the DNA of Aphananthe aspera was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found19
Studies independent surveys1
Countries2
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 19 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median20.2 °C 16.9–23.5
Seasonal swing summer↔winter19.3 °C
Max temp (day)22.6 °C 18.1–25.7
Min temp (night)16.8 °C 14.9–20.8
Precipitation231 mm/mo 162–401
Air humidity64.5 % 60.7–66.7
Moisture balance147 mm/mo
Vapour deficit859 Pa 692–999
Wind speed2.80 m/s
Cloud cover39.7 % 37.1–44.4
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 14 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation8 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 711 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI19 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics42 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗