Antiaris toxicaria
(Pers.) Lesch. · speciesAt a glance
Sources14 archives
Databases and archives Antiaris toxicaria's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation12 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility5 046 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI15 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics27 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Antiaris toxicaria is a tree in the mulberry and fig family, Moraceae. It is the only species currently recognized in the genus Antiaris. The genus Antiaris was at one time considered to consist of several species, but is now regarded as just one variable species which can be further divided into five subspecies. One significant difference within the species is that the size of the fruit decreases as one travels from Africa to Polynesia. Antiaris has a remarkably wide distribution in tropical regions, occurring in Australia, tropical Asia, tropical Africa, Indonesia, the Philippines, Tonga, and various other tropical islands. Its seeds are spread by various birds and bats, and it is not clear how many of the populations are essentially invasive. The species is of interest as a source of wood, bark cloth, and pharmacological or toxic substances.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology22
Life cycle & reproduction10
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment13
Physiology & chemistry8
Other traits7
Compounds documented for Antiaris toxicaria across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds112 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (+)-Marmesin | present | LOTUS | |
| (1R,4S,5R,6R,7R,11Z)-4-ethyl-5,7-dihydroxy-6,7,14-trimethyl-2,9-dioxa-14-azabicyclo[9.5.1]heptadec-11-ene-3,8,17-trione | present | NPASS | |
| (2R)-2-[3,4-dimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-5,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(2S,4aS,5S,8aR)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,4a,6-tetramethyl-2,3,4,5,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-2-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-6-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)phenyl]-8-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one | present | LOTUS | |
| (3beta,5beta,12beta)-3-((6-Deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)oxy)-5,12,14-trihydroxycard-20(22)-enolide | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R,5S,8R,9S,10S,12R,13S,14S,17R)-5,12,14-trihydroxy-13-methyl-17-(5-oxo-2H-furan-3-yl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-10-carbaldehyde | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R,5S,8R,9S,10S,12R,13S,14S,17R)-5,12,14-trihydroxy-13-methyl-17-(5-oxo-2H-furan-3-yl)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-10-carbaldehyde | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Antiaris toxicaria has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Antiaris toxicaria carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 242×CCDB · book-fedorov · CCDB · Cave1959
2n 282×CCDB · book-fedorov
Sequencing statusassembly quality — how far to trust these numbers
Assembly level tells you how finished the sequence is — from fragmented contigs, through scaffolds, up to a full chromosome-level assembly. BUSCO % estimates completeness: the share of genes expected to be present that were actually found. These describe the data quality, not the organism.
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type5 046 records
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions23 of 53 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| LSF/FSA/UAClocation not on record | 46 |
| Saint Louis, US | 24 |
| Kew, GB | 22 |
| BRLUlocation not on record | 19 |
| Brisbane, AU | 17 |
| Kunming, CN | 16 |
| Beijing, CN | 13 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 12 |
| Paris, FR | 11 |
| LBVlocation not on record | 11 |
| Guilin, CN | 8 |
| Honolulu, US | 8 |
| Yaoundé, CM | 8 |
| St. Paul, US | 8 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 7 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 6 |
| Plocation not on record | 6 |
| Bronx, US | 5 |
| Cibinong Science Center, Herbarium Bogorienselocation not on record | 5 |
| Stockholm, SE | 4 |
| Pondicherry, IN | 4 |
| Canberra, AU | 4 |
| Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologialocation not on record | 3 |
| Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record | 3 |
| Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST)location not on record | 3 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 3 |
| Leiden University Medical Centerlocation not on record | 3 |
| Daubeny Herbarium, Oxfordlocation not on record | 3 |
| Herbier National du Gabonlocation not on record | 3 |
| SCAUlocation not on record | 2 |
| HAWlocation not on record | 2 |
| Brussels, BE | 2 |
| WAGlocation not on record | 2 |
| Xiamen, CN | 2 |
| Université du Lomélocation not on record | 2 |
| Peking Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Herbariumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Chengdu, CN | 1 |
| Arusha, TZ | 1 |
| Australian Tropical Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Nanjing, CN | 1 |
| Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 1 |
| Institut de Recherche Agronomique de Guinée (IRAG)location not on record | 1 |
| Glocation not on record | 1 |
| Centre National d'Application des Recherches Pharmaceutiques (CNARP)location not on record | 1 |
| Cambridge, US | 1 |
| Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoirelocation not on record | 1 |
| LUKI_INERAlocation not on record | 1 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 1 |
| Kagoshima, JP | 1 |
| Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botanylocation not on record | 1 |
| UPNlocation not on record | 1 |
Where the DNA of Antiaris toxicaria was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.