Anthus crenatus

Finsch & Hartlaub, 1870 · species

image placeholder — illustration coming later

Animalia/Chordata/Aves/Passeriformes/Motacillidae/Anthus

At a glance

Occurrence records6 104

Data sources10

Biological traits22

DNA specimens9

eDNA detections7

Sources10 archives

Databases and archives Anthus crenatus's data was compiled from.

WikipediaWikimedia Foundation10 languages↗

BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗

GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility6 104 records↗

ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI7 eDNA detections↗

BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics9 specimens↗

Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗

GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome ~1.15 Gbp↗

WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗

IOC World Bird ListIOCbird checklist↗

GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗

On this page6 sections

Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.

NarrativeWikipediaarticle

Traits & measurements3 literature sources22 traits

Occurrence & distributionGBIF6 104 records

Environmental DNA1 datasets · 1 countries7 detections

DNA & barcodingBOLD9 specimens

Genome at a glanceGoaT1.2 Gbp

01Narrative

The African rock pipit (Anthus crenatus), also known as the yellow-tufted pipit, is a species of bird in the family Motacillidae. It is found in the high-altitude, rocky grasslands of South Africa and Lesotho.

No narrative description available for this taxon yet.

02Traits & measurements

SourcesAVONETEltonTraitsAmnioteDB

Size & morphology11

Beak depth4.5 mm

Beak length (culmen)19.8 mm

Beak length (nares)11.2 mm

Beak width3.5 mm

Body mass30.73 g

Hand-wing index19.6

Kipp's distance16.4 mm

Secondary length67.7 mm

Tail length67.4 mm

Tarsus length27.5 mm

Wing length84.3 mm

Life cycle & reproduction2

Egg mass2.55 g

Litter size3.5

Diet & foraging5

Ground100 %

Invertebrate80 %

Seed20 %

Trophic levelcarnivore

Trophic nicheInvertivore

Habitat & environment4

HabitatGrassland

Migration1.0

Primary lifestyleTerrestrial

Range size343 685 km²

05DNA & barcoding9 specimens

A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Anthus crenatus has left across the world's sequence archives.

At a glance

DNA specimens9

BINs2

Marker genes1

eDNA detections7

Countries1

The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen

COI-5P423 bp consensus8 specimens

ACGT

▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies

Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 80% of positions are identical in every specimen.

Diversity (π)8.9%

Haplotypes2

BINs2

Most divergent pair0.47%

Where individuals differ — all 84 variable positions, in barcode order

6Avariable

7Avariable

15Avariable

18Cmostly conserved

24Cvariable

27Tvariable

42Cvariable

48Cvariable

54Tvariable

57Tmostly conserved

66Amostly conserved

69Amostly conserved

72Cvariable

78Cvariable

87Cvariable

99Tvariable

108Avariable

123Avariable

132Cvariable

135Tvariable

148Cmostly conserved

153Cvariable

156Cvariable

168Cvariable

169Cmostly conserved

171Cmostly conserved

172Cmostly conserved

174Avariable

183Tmostly conserved

186Tmostly conserved

189Amostly conserved

192Cmostly conserved

201Amostly conserved

203Tvariable

207Avariable

213Cmostly conserved

219Amostly conserved

222Amostly conserved

225Cmostly conserved

228Cmostly conserved

231Avariable

232Cmostly conserved

234Amostly conserved

237Tvariable

240Cmostly conserved

243Cvariable

244Cvariable

246Amostly conserved

252Cmostly conserved

255Cvariable

261Tmostly conserved

267Amostly conserved

273Avariable

276Amostly conserved

279Cvariable

285Cmostly conserved

288Amostly conserved

292Cmostly conserved

297Cvariable

300Cvariable

303Tvariable

306Cmostly conserved

309Tvariable

318Cmostly conserved

321Avariable

333Tvariable

348Tvariable

360Tmostly conserved

365Tmostly conserved

366Gvariable

372Gvariable

375Tvariable

381Cmostly conserved

384Cvariable

387Avariable

390Cmostly conserved

393Cmostly conserved

399Avariable

402Avariable

408Tvariable

411Tmostly conserved

418Tvariable

420Avariable

421Cvariable

AACGTAATCGTCACAGCCCATGCCTTTGTAATAATCTTCTTCATAGTCATGCCTATTATAATCGGAGGATTCGGAAACTGACTAGTCCCC …

Closest relatives by DNA barcode

The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.

Anthus similissame genus6.9%Cyanocompsa parellinasame order8.3%Anthus berthelotiisame genus8.5%Cyanomitra verticalissame order8.5%Linaria flavirostrissame order8.5%

Marker genes sequenced

★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.

★COI-5P

animal barcode

06Genome at a glanceGoaT

The complete instruction manual Anthus crenatus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Genome size1 154 040 000 bp

Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).

BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb

FUNGUS0.04 Gb

INSECT0.25 Gb

THIS GENOME Anthus crenatus1.15 Gb

HUMAN3.2 Gb

WHEAT17 Gb

FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb

08Occurrence & distribution

Record type6 104 records

Wild obs. + sensor6 069

Museum / vouchered35

Origin

Native3

Range

Area of Occupancy AOO6 424 km²

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

Coordinate accuracy77% within 1 km

≤100 m 42≤1 km 14≤10 km 4>10 km 13

73 georeferenced · 5 996 without coordinates

Open the mapobservation + sensor6 069

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.

Coordinate accuracy17% within 1 km

≤100 m 2≤10 km 8>10 km 2

12 georeferenced · 23 without coordinates

Open the institutions mapphysical evidence35

Wildobservation + sensor

Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.

10Collections & institutions

Holding institutions8 of 8 geolocated

Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.

Institution	Specimens
South Kensington, GB	14
Seattle, US	7
Cambridge, US	2
München, DE	2
Paris, FR	1
Philadelphia, US	1
New Haven, US	1
US	1

8 institutions · 29 of 35 vouchered records shown

09Environmental DNA7 detections

Where the DNA of Anthus crenatus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.

Signal

Detections DNA found7

Studies independent surveys1

Countries1

Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections

Where its DNA was found

0 of 7 detections have coordinates

Open the map1 country0

How strong is each trace?

DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.

Modelled climatemodelled

−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C

Temperature median18.8 °C 18.8–18.8

Seasonal swing summer↔winter15.6 °C

Max temp (day)26.6 °C

Min temp (night)11.7 °C

Precipitation34.5 mm/mo

Air humidity48.3 %

Moisture balance-98.6 mm/mo

Vapour deficit1,186 Pa

Wind speed2.90 m/s

Cloud cover16.3 %

CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 7 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche

How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.

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The Life Data · species page · narrative wired to read_model image placeholder · 3D tilt requires an http server (WebGL)

Anthus crenatus

At a glance

Sources10 archives

Size & morphology11

Life cycle & reproduction2

Diet & foraging5

Habitat & environment4

At a glance

Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is

Record type6 104 records

Origin

Range

Wildobservation + sensor

Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence

Wildobservation + sensor

Holding institutions8 of 8 geolocated

Signal

Where its DNA was found

How strong is each trace?

Modelled climatemodelled

Record type6 104 records