Anartia fatima, the banded peacock, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is commonly found in south Texas, Mexico, and Central America but mostly studied in Costa Rica. This butterfly prefers subtropical climates and areas in which there is a lot of moisture, such as near rivers. It spends much of its time in second-growth areas, meaning woodland areas that have regrown after harvest. Its larvae feed on plants in the family Acanthaceae, while adults primarily feed on flower nectar from Acanthus species. The species is diurnal, meaning that they are active in the daytime and inactive at night. These butterflies face interspecies competition for nectar with other butterflies and must also compete with hummingbirds, who will chase them away. Parental care in this species is non-existent. The eggs are laid in low-lying host plant leaves and flower bracts. Several hundred are laid by a single female within the span of a few days, with only a small percentage of the eggs surviving to adulthood. Eggs take five days to hatch and the larvae complete six instar phases before pupation. After pupation is complete, adults emerge and fly off within 1–2 hours. This butterfly has no protective coloration and is not toxic to predators. It is the victim of predation by many bird, lizard, frog, and arthropod species. However, this butterfly is so ubiquitous that losses from predation do not cause endangerment of the species.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Anartia fatima has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens112
BINs1
Marker genes2
eDNA detections121
Countries4
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P658 bp consensus81 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 100% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 3 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)0.32%
Haplotypes11
BIN1
Most divergent pair0.46%
N.America
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-3P★COI-5P
animal barcode
07Deep time~32.6 Ma lineage
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin32.6 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type17 824 records
Wild obs. + sensor12 789
Museum / vouchered5 035
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO18 896 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy83% within 1 km
≤100 m 5 747≤1 km 2 733≤10 km 1 125>10 km 654
10 259 georeferenced · 2 530 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor12 789
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy69% within 1 km
≤100 m 532≤1 km 27≤10 km 236>10 km 21
816 georeferenced · 4 219 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence5 035
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions18 of 37 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Ciudad de México, MX
3 416
Ciudad de México, MX
661
Tapachula, MX
379
Cambridge, US
132
New Haven, US
103
OSUClocation not on record
44
Los Angeles, US
33
FLMNH-UFlocation not on record
31
Cleveland Museum of Natural History, OH (CLEV)location not on record
23
Mexico City, MX
19
Natural History Museum of Utahlocation not on record
14
13
Washington, US
13
MZLUlocation not on record
12
ASUlocation not on record
11
Uniwersytet Jagiellońskilocation not on record
10
San Diego, US
7
National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record
7
San Francisco, US
7
Auckland, NZ
6
Georgia Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
5
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
4
Sanda, JP
4
Brussels, BE
4
Toronto, CA
2
Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record
2
RBINS-Scientific Heritagelocation not on record
2
UNHClocation not on record
2
University Park, US
2
Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
2
Essig Museum of Entomologylocation not on record
2
MX
1
Universidad de Sucre (UniSucre)location not on record
1
University of Central Floridalocation not on record
1
CUlocation not on record
1
University of Alabamalocation not on record
1
Chicago, US
1
37 institutions · 4 978 of 5 035 vouchered records shown · 57 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA121 detections
Where the DNA of Anartia fatima was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found121
Studies independent surveys1
Countries4
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median24.2 °C 21.6–25.8
Seasonal swing summer↔winter2.30 °C
Max temp (day)26.9 °C 24.6–29.8
Min temp (night)21.6 °C 18.4–23.1
Precipitation182 mm/mo 49.1–418
Air humidity68.9 % 62.1–75.5
Moisture balance52.6 mm/mo -102–299
Vapour deficit932 Pa 699–1,235
Wind speed2.00 m/s 1.20–4.70
Cloud cover28.8 % 15.1–43.0
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 78 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility17 824 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI121 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics112 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗