Amyris elemifera ou bois chandelle blanc est une espèce végétale arbustive américaine de la famille des agrumes (rutacées). Elle possède des noms vernaculaires variés dans son aire de répartition géographique : - Common torchwood ; - Sea torchwood ; - Smooth torchwood ; - Candlewood ; - Sea amyris ; - Tea (Thé) ; - Cuabilla. Il est originaire de la Floride, des Caraïbes et de certains pays d'Amérique centrale comme le Guatemala, le Belize, le Honduras et le Salvador. On le trouve également au nord de l'Amérique du Sud. Son nom spécifique elemifera vient du néolatin elemi et signifie « qui produit de la résine ».
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: 5.2 m · USDA: 4.88 m · TRY: 4.88 m
Seed mass63.16 mg
Seed mass max63.16 mg
Seed mass min63.16 mg
Life cycle & reproduction23
Bloom periodIndeterminate
Coppice potentialNo
Deciduousnessevergreen
Dispersal typeanimal
Flower colourwhite
Flower conspicuousYes
Fruit seed period beginYear Round
Fruit seed period endYear Round
Growth rate USDAModerate
Life formshrub or tree
Life spanperennial
Lifespan categoryLong
Propagated by bare rootYes
Propagated by bulbNo
Propagated by containerYes
Propagated by cormNo
Propagated by cuttingsNo
Propagated by seedYes
Propagated by sodNo
Propagated by sprigsNo
Propagated by tubersNo
Resprout abilityNo
Seed spread rateModerate
Diet & foraging1
Parasiteindependent
Habitat & environment27
Active growth periodFall
Adapted to coarse textured soilsYes
Adapted to fine textured soilsNo
Adapted to medium textured soilsYes
Aquaticterrestrial
BloatNone
Climatewet tropical
Climberself-supporting
Elevation max1 275 m
Elevation min10 m
Epiphyteterrestrial
Foliage colorGreen
Foliage porosity summerPorous
Foliage porosity winterPorous
Foliage textureMedium
Fruit colourpurple
Growth formtree
Growth form USDASingle Crown
Habitat GIFTforest
Hedge toleranceLow
Known allelopathNo
Leaf retentionYes
Low growing grassNo
Root depth min36 in
Shape and orientationRounded
Small grainNo
Woodinesswoody
Physiology & chemistry22
Anaerobic toleranceMedium
C:N ratioHigh
Caco3 toleranceMedium
Cold stratification requiredNo
Drought toleranceHigh
Fertility requirementLow
Fire resistantNo
Frost free days min365 days
Leaf p0.7 mg/g
Moisture useLow
Nitrogen fixation levelNone
Nitrogen fixingnon_nitrogen_fixer
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Precipitation max80 in
Precipitation min30 in
Salinity toleranceHigh
Shade toleranceLow
Soil pH max8.5 pH
Soil pH min6 pH
Specific leaf area (SLA)7.62 mm²/mg
Temperature min15 °F
Wood density975 mg/cm³
Uses & economy13
Berry nut seed productNo
Christmas tree productNo
Fodder productNo
Fuelwood productMedium
Lumber productYes
Naval store productNo
Nursery stock productNo
Palatable browse animalLow
Palatable humanYes
Post productYes
Pulpwood productYes
ToxicityNone
Veneer productYes
Other traits6
Fall conspicuousNo
Fruit seed conspicuousYes
Fruit seed persistenceNo
Height at 20yr10.97 m
Planting density max640 per acre
Planting density min320 per acre
03Chemical composition16 compounds
Compounds documented for Amyris elemifera across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Amyris elemifera has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens7
Marker genes4
GenBank sequences4
eDNA detections3
Countries2
The DNA barcodea real sequence read deposited for this species
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK2★rbcL2★rbcLatrnH-psbA
plant barcodemarker
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type1 067 records
Wild obs. + sensor323
Museum / vouchered744
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO2 600 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy78% within 1 km
≤100 m 164≤1 km 36≤10 km 27>10 km 31
258 georeferenced · 65 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor323
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy70% within 1 km
≤100 m 169≤1 km 27≤10 km 43>10 km 40
279 georeferenced · 465 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence744
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions39 of 52 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Saint Louis, US
93
Miami, US
75
Bronx, US
75
Mexico City, MX
65
Durango, MX
38
Tampa, US
34
University of Stellenboschlocation not on record
23
Mexico City, MX
19
Mérida, MX
18
Tapachula, MX
17
San Francisco, US
13
Jena Microbial Resource Collectionlocation not on record
11
Austin, US
11
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
11
Kew, GB
11
Berlin, DE
8
San Francisco de Campeche, MX
6
Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX
6
Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX
5
Tempe, US
5
Austin, US
4
Bangkok, TH
4
Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV
3
BAYLUlocation not on record
3
Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicachlocation not on record
3
Montréal, CA
3
Mérida, MX
3
Chicago, US
3
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
3
South Kensington, GB
2
Altos de Pipe, VE
2
Burlington, US
2
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologialocation not on record
2
ASUlocation not on record
2
Bloomington, US
2
Paris, FR
1
San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record
1
Long Beach, US
1
Fredericksburg, US
1
Chapel Hill, US
1
Columbia, US
1
Boise, US
1
James F. Matthews Center for Biodiversity Studieslocation not on record
1
Phoenix, US
1
Chapingo, MX
1
Dekalb, US
1
MEXUlocation not on record
1
LDlocation not on record
1
NO DISPONIBLElocation not on record
1
Guatemala City, GT
1
Davis, US
1
Fort Worth, US
1
52 institutions · 602 of 744 vouchered records shown · 142 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA3 detections
Where the DNA of Amyris elemifera was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found3
Studies independent surveys1
Countries1
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 3 detections have coordinates
Open the map1 country0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median26.0 °C 24.4–27.6
Seasonal swing summer↔winter5.30 °C
Max temp (day)31.0 °C 29.0–33.0
Min temp (night)21.8 °C 20.4–23.2
Precipitation118 mm/mo 84.6–151
Air humidity61.7 % 61.1–62.4
Moisture balance-13.2 mm/mo -19.9–-6.40
Vapour deficit1,297 Pa 1,151–1,443
Wind speed1.40 m/s
Cloud cover28.2 % 27.2–29.2
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 2 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility1 067 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI3 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics7 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗