Amphilophium crucigerum
(L.) L.G.Lohmann · speciesAt a glance
Sources14 archives
Databases and archives Amphilophium crucigerum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation3 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility2 121 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI6 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics7 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Amphilophium crucigerum is a species of flowering plant in the family Bignoniaceae, native from Mexico through Central America into South America as far south as Argentina. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus (as Bignonia crucigera) in 1753. The synonym Pithecoctenium crucigerum has often been used. The species has become an invasive weed in Australia. Chemical investigation of methanol extracted from this species yielded the iridoid glycoside theviridoside along with five phenylethanoid glycosides (verbascoside, isoverbascoside, forsythoside B, jionoside D and leucosceptoside B), these last all active against DPPH.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology9
Life cycle & reproduction7
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment13
Physiology & chemistry8
Compounds documented for Amphilophium crucigerum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile3 classes
Documented compounds21 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-5-Hydroxy-6-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenethoxy)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-(((2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acrylate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(2R,3R,4R,6R)-2-[[(2S,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-5-hydroxy-6-[2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(2R,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | present | LOTUS | |
| [(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-5-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | present | LOTUS | |
| Cyanidin 3-glucoside | present | NPASS | |
| Delphinidin 3-glucoside | present | NPASS | |
| Forsythoside B | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Amphilophium crucigerum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Amphilophium crucigerum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 405×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 +1
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type2 121 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions54 of 163 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Saint Louis, US | 257 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 128 |
| Porto Alegre, BR | 82 |
| Chicago, US | 77 |
| USP-IBlocation not on record | 76 |
| Blumenau, BR | 73 |
| Bronx, US | 65 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 36 |
| Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sullocation not on record | 27 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 24 |
| San Isidro, AR | 19 |
| Jardín Botánico de Cartagena "Guillermo Piñeres" (JBC)location not on record | 18 |
| INMAlocation not on record | 17 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 17 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 17 |
| Santa Teresa, BR | 16 |
| MEXUlocation not on record | 15 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 15 |
| Mexico City, MX | 14 |
| Campo Mourão, BR | 14 |
| BMlocation not on record | 14 |
| Chaguaramas, TT | 13 |
| Cascavel, BR | 13 |
| León, NI | 13 |
| Londrina, BR | 12 |
| Feira de Santana, BR | 10 |
| Ann Arbor, US | 10 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 9 |
| Kew, GB | 9 |
| UNIVASFlocation not on record | 9 |
| UNIVILLElocation not on record | 8 |
| Corrientes, AR | 8 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 8 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 7 |
| UEMlocation not on record | 7 |
| Universidade Federal do Vale do São Franciscolocation not on record | 7 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 7 |
| Centro de Pesquisas Agropecuarias do Tropico Umidolocation not on record | 7 |
| Fundación Desarrollo y Ambiente FUNDAlocation not on record | 7 |
| CASlocation not on record | 7 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 7 |
| Córdoba, AR | 7 |
| UTFPR-DVlocation not on record | 7 |
| Tampa, US | 6 |
| UNESClocation not on record | 6 |
| San José, CR | 6 |
| Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Nortelocation not on record | 6 |
| Cambridge, US | 6 |
| Salvador, BR | 6 |
| Foz do Iguaçu, BR | 5 |
| Stockholm, SE | 5 |
| Masindi, UG | 5 |
| FUVATESlocation not on record | 5 |
| Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paranálocation not on record | 5 |
| Fredericksburg, US | 5 |
| Criciúma, BR | 5 |
| Fortaleza, BR | 5 |
| UNICAMPlocation not on record | 5 |
| Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus do Pantanallocation not on record | 5 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 5 |
| Universidade Federal do Ceara, Departamento de Biologialocation not on record | 5 |
| CEPLAClocation not on record | 5 |
| IPA/SPlocation not on record | 4 |
| Paleontological Collectionlocation not on record | 4 |
| UNESP-IBILCElocation not on record | 4 |
| UNESP-RClocation not on record | 4 |
| Austin, US | 4 |
| Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paranálocation not on record | 4 |
| UTFPR-SLlocation not on record | 4 |
| California Academy of Scienceslocation not on record | 4 |
| La Paz, BO | 4 |
| UFERSAlocation not on record | 4 |
| UFPRlocation not on record | 4 |
| Istituto Agrario Castelnuovolocation not on record | 3 |
| VALElocation not on record | 3 |
| Cuiabá, BR | 3 |
| UFMGlocation not on record | 3 |
| Area de Conservacion Guanacastelocation not on record | 3 |
| UFESlocation not on record | 3 |
| Glocation not on record | 3 |
| Cambridge, US | 3 |
| UNESP, Campus São José Rio Prêtolocation not on record | 3 |
| UFPElocation not on record | 2 |
| IAvHlocation not on record | 2 |
| UNESP-ISlocation not on record | 2 |
| Federal University of Espírito Santolocation not on record | 2 |
| Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeirolocation not on record | 2 |
| Cruz das Almas, BR | 2 |
| UFSCarlocation not on record | 2 |
| Laboratory of Palaeontologylocation not on record | 2 |
| UESBlocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidade da Região de Joinville - Univillelocation not on record | 2 |
| UFRRJlocation not on record | 2 |
| UFVJMlocation not on record | 2 |
| UFRPElocation not on record | 2 |
| Xiamen, CN | 2 |
| HACAMlocation not on record | 2 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 2 |
| Lake Charles, US | 2 |
| Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologialocation not on record | 2 |
| Brasília, BR | 2 |
| UFOPlocation not on record | 2 |
| Durango, MX | 2 |
| Giardini Botanici Hanburylocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 2 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 2 |
| UERJlocation not on record | 2 |
| Maringá, BR | 2 |
| SCZlocation not on record | 2 |
| Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologialocation not on record | 2 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 2 |
| Clocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad de Autonoma de Baja Californialocation not on record | 2 |
| Provincial Museum of Albertalocation not on record | 2 |
| Sucre, BO | 2 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 2 |
| Madison, US | 2 |
| Llocation not on record | 2 |
| Berlin, DE | 2 |
| MSB-2797location not on record | 1 |
| UFSClocation not on record | 1 |
| CUVClocation not on record | 1 |
| PUC-RIOlocation not on record | 1 |
| Managua, NI | 1 |
| Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Ricardo Palmalocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut fur Allgemeine Mikrobiologielocation not on record | 1 |
| Santiago de Cali, CO | 1 |
| Empresa Pernambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária, IPAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Embrapa Agrobiology Diazothrophic Microbial Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 1 |
| Corporación Autónoma Regional Para la Defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga (CDMB)location not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)location not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de los Andes (UniAndes)location not on record | 1 |
| Reserva Natural Vale, Meio Ambientelocation not on record | 1 |
| Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas - SINCHIlocation not on record | 1 |
| IAPlocation not on record | 1 |
| UEGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Fundación Miguel Lillolocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad Nacional de Misiones- CONICETlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de Guayaquillocation not on record | 1 |
| BAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Station d'Ecologie de Lamtolocation not on record | 1 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade de São Paulolocation not on record | 1 |
| Castelar, AR | 1 |
| UTPLlocation not on record | 1 |
| REALlocation not on record | 1 |
| MAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Universiti Sains Malaysialocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade Federal do Espírito Santolocation not on record | 1 |
| ESALQlocation not on record | 1 |
| Wellington, NZ | 1 |
| Universidade Federal do Maranhãolocation not on record | 1 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidade do Estado de Mato Grossolocation not on record | 1 |
| Universidad de Buenos Aireslocation not on record | 1 |
| Brasília, BR | 1 |
| Ilhéus, BR | 1 |
| UFABClocation not on record | 1 |
| UFAClocation not on record | 1 |
| Loja, EC | 1 |
| Bogotá, D.C., CO | 1 |
| HEMlocation not on record | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Amphilophium crucigerum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.