The cinnamon hummingbird (Amazilia rutila) is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found from northwestern Mexico to Costa Rica.HBW and BirdLife International (2020) Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip [.xls zipped 1 MB] retrieved May 27, 2021
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
⚠ sources differ — AmnioteDB: 4.9 g · AVONET: 5.24 g · EltonTraits: 5.24 g
Body mass (female)3.4 g
Body mass (male)5 g
Hand-wing index62.8
Kipp's distance35.2 mm
Secondary length20.8 mm
Tail length38.6 mm
Tarsus length5.1 mm
Wing length57 mm
Life cycle & reproduction1
Litter size2
Diet & foraging7
Canopy10 %
Invertebrate10 %
Midhigh70 %
Nectar90 %
Trophic levelherbivore
Trophic nicheNectarivore
Understory20 %
Habitat & environment4
HabitatWoodland
Migration1.0
Primary lifestyleAerial
Range size397 593 km²
05DNA & barcoding58 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Amazilia rutila has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens58
BINs3
Marker genes1
eDNA detections58
Countries3
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P570 bp consensus57 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 93% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 38 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)2.3%
Haplotypes13
BINs3
Most divergent pair5.6%
N.AmericaOther
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P
animal barcode
07Deep time~4.97 Ma lineage
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin4.97 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type205 042 records
Wild obs. + sensor203 777
Museum / vouchered1 196
Cultivated / captive1
Other68
Origin
Native112
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO44 412 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy84% within 1 km
≤100 m 2 799≤1 km 1 221≤10 km 549>10 km 203
4 772 georeferenced · 199 005 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor203 777
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy78% within 1 km
≤100 m 445≤1 km 72≤10 km 142>10 km 3
662 georeferenced · 534 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 196
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy
no georeferenced coordinates · 1 records without
Open the mapnot free-living1
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions26 of 38 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Ciudad de México, MX
234
Moore Laboratory of Zoology, Occidental Collegelocation not on record
151
Delaware Museum of Nature and Sciencelocation not on record
98
Seattle, US
71
US
66
Morelia, MX
44
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
44
Wuzhou, CN
39
Mexico City, MX
34
Mexico City, MX
32
31
South Kensington, GB
30
Vancouver, CA
30
Louisiana State University, Museum of Zoologylocation not on record
29
Cambridge, US
18
Arizona State University Biocollectionslocation not on record
16
Zacatecas, MX
15
New Haven, US
12
Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX
10
San Francisco de Campeche, MX
9
Sistema de Colecciones Biológicas, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala location not on record
9
Tapachula, MX
8
Ithaca, US
7
Paris, FR
6
Denver, US
5
NCBlocation not on record
4
Philadelphia, US
4
University of California Los Angeleslocation not on record
3
Berkeley, US
2
Edmonton, CA
2
Washington State University, Charles R. Conner Museumlocation not on record
2
Ann Arbor, US
2
Universidad del Valle de Guatemalalocation not on record
2
Chicago, US
1
Chongqing Museumlocation not on record
1
Washington, US
1
Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collectionlocation not on record
1
Geneva, CH
1
38 institutions · 1 074 of 1 196 vouchered records shown · 122 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA58 detections
Where the DNA of Amazilia rutila was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found58
Studies independent surveys1
Countries2
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 58 detections have coordinates
Open the map2 countries0
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median25.1 °C 22.4–27.2
Seasonal swing summer↔winter3.90 °C
Max temp (day)29.1 °C 25.7–30.9
Min temp (night)22.7 °C 16.8–24.6
Precipitation106 mm/mo 51.0–209
Air humidity61.8 % 58.8–65.0
Moisture balance-18.5 mm/mo
Vapour deficit1,214 Pa 1,092–1,367
Wind speed2.10 m/s
Cloud cover29.5 % 20.5–34.9
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 55 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation9 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility205 042 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI58 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics58 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
IOC World Bird ListIOCbird checklist↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗