Allium triquetrum
speciesAt a glance
Occurrence records60 332
Data sources12
Biological traits52
DNA specimens13
eDNA detections9
Sources12 archives
Databases and archives Allium triquetrum's data was compiled from.
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility60 332 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI9 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics13 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
Paleobiology DatabasePBDB consortiumfossil record↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗On this page7 sections
Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
NarrativeWikipediaarticle
Traits & measurements5 literature sources52 traits
Chemical compositionLOTUS20 compounds
Occurrence & distributionGBIF60 332 records
Environmental DNA1 datasets · 6 countries9 detections
DNA & barcodingBOLD13 specimens
Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT18.6 Gbp
01Narrative
L'ail à trois angles ou ail triquètre est une espèce de plantes à fleurs de la famille des Amaryllidacées qui pousse en région méditerranéenne. Utilisée pour l'ornement, elle s'est naturalisée en Grande-Bretagne, en Bretagne et en Normandie, principalement sur le littoral. Elle pousse souvent sur les talus, en groupes assez denses. Sa prolifération en tapis dense, particulièrement en périphérie des zones urbaines et le long des sentiers, entraîne la disparition des espèces locales. L'ail triquètre est considéré en Bretagne comme espèce exotique envahissante au statut d'Invasive avérée et classé comme espèce sous surveillance en Normandie. Un impact économique a aussi été signalé en Australie où l'espèce colonise les pâtures. Le lait voit alors sa qualité altérée, prenant un goût et une odeur forts.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
02Traits & measurements
SourcesLEDAGIFTTRYAusTraitsWCVP
Size & morphology18
Fruit length6.5 mm
⚠ sources differ — AusTraits: 6.5 mm · GIFT: 7 mm
Fruit width7 mm
Leaf length175 mm
Leaf length max420 mm
Leaf length min200 mm
Leaf size3 162 mm²
Leaf width7.5 mm
Leaf width max17 mm
Leaf width min4 mm
Plant height0.35 m
⚠ sources differ — GIFT: 0.35 m · AusTraits: 0.4 m · TRY: 0.2 m
Plant height max0.5 m
Plant height min0.1 m
Seed length5 mm
Seed length max5 mm
Seed length min5 mm
Seed mass5.79 mg
⚠ sources differ — TRY: 5.79 mg · GIFT: 4.1 mg
Seed mass max6 mg
Seed mass min6 mg
Life cycle & reproduction15
Deciduousnessevergreen
Dehiscencedehiscent
Dispersal typehuman
⚠ sources differ — LEDA: agochor · GIFT: unspecialized
Flowering endMay
Flowering startApr
Flowering timennnnnnnyyyyn
Life formbulbous geophyte
Life spanperennial
Pollination modebiotic
Pollination syndromeinsect
Raunkiær life formcryptophyte
Reproduction asexualabsent
Resprouting capacityresprouts
Self fertilizationabsent
Sex typehermaphrodite
Diet & foraging2
Carnivorynon-carnivorous
Parasiteindependent
Habitat & environment12
Aquaticterrestrial
Climatesubtropical
Climberself-supporting
Elevation max500 m
Elevation min0 m
Epiphyteterrestrial
Fruit typecapsule
Growth formherb
Habitat GIFTLowland
Leaf compoundnesssimple
Mycorrhiza typearbuscular
Woodinessnon-woody
Physiology & chemistry3
Nitrogen fixingnon_nitrogen_fixer
Photosynthetic pathwayC3
Specific leaf area (SLA)23.9 mm²/mg
Other traits2
Plant support typefree-standing
Seeds per fruit11-100
03Chemical composition20 compounds
Compounds documented for Allium triquetrum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile2 classes
Furostane steroids13
Flavonols7
Documented compounds20 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R)-4-[(1S,2S,4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14R,16R)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-14-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R)-4-[(1S,2S,4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14R,16R)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6,14-dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R)-4-[(1S,2S,4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14R,16R)-6,14-dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R)-4-[(1S,2S,4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14R,16R)-6,16-dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-14-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R)-4-[(1S,2S,4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14R,16R)-6,16-dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-14-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R)-4-[(1S,2S,4S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14R,16R)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-14-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R)-4-[(1S,2S,4S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14R,16R)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6,14-dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R)-4-[(1S,2S,4S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14R,16R)-6,14-dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R)-4-[(1S,2S,4S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14R,16R)-6,16-dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-14-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R)-4-[(1S,2S,4S,6S,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,14R,16R)-6,16-dihydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-14-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-en-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | present | LOTUS |
05DNA & barcoding13 specimens
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Allium triquetrum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens13
Marker genes5
eDNA detections9
Countries7
Marker genes sequenced
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★matK★rbcL★rbcLa★ITS★ITS2
plant barcodefungal barcode
06Genome at a glanceCCDB · GoaT
The complete instruction manual Allium triquetrum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size18 552 660 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
THIS GENOME Allium triquetrum18.55 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
Chromosomes2n = 18 n = 9
Ploidy2× diploid · measured
Chromosome records16–182n range18median18mode51records
Chromosome-count records — grouped by value · 2n = full set, n = gamete · click a value for sources & references
2n 1850×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ita-fl · CCDB · iber-fl +11
GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database — ↗
CCDB · ita-fl — MARCUCCI R., TORNADORE N. - 1997 (1996). Numeri Cromosomici per la Flora Italiana.. Inform. Bot. Ital. , 28(2): 256-266.
CCDB · ita-fl — WITTMANN H. - 1984. Beitraege zur Karyologie der Gattung "Allium" und zur Verbreitung der Arten im Bundesland Salzburg (Oesterreich).. Katalog Oberoesterr. Landesmuseums 122, zugleich Linzer Biol. Beitraege , 16(1): 83-104.
CCDB · ita-fl — CELA RENZONI G., GARBARI F. - 1970. Il genere Allium L. in Italia:I. Allium pendulinum Ten. e A. triquetrum L.. Giorn. Bot. Ital. , 104(1): 61-73.
CCDB · ita-fl — SPETA F. - 1971. Chromosomenzahlen einiger Angiosperm.. Oesterr. Bot. Z. , 119(1-3): 1/5/2000.
CCDB · ita-fl — CAMPO G., ROMANO S. - 1995 (1995). Numeri Cromosomici per la Flora Italiana.. Inform. Bot. Ital. , 27(1): 26-34.
CCDB · iber-fl — Estudios cariolgicos en especies espaolas del orden Liliales. I. Allium, Lapiedra, Narcissus. Ruz Rejn, M. & A. Saudo.Lagascalia6(2): 225-238(1976).
CCDB · iber-fl — IOPB. Chromosome number reports. XLVI. Ruz Rejn, M.Taxon23(5/6): 805-806(1974).
CCDB · iber-fl — Karyology of Allium species from the Iberian peninsula. Pastor Daz, J.Phyton22(2): 171-200(1982).
CCDB · iber-fl — Nmeros cromosmicos para la flora espaola, 155-161. Leal Prez-Chao & al.Lagascalia9(2): 269-272(1980).
CCDB · iber-fl — Studies on the flora of the Balearic Islands, I. Dahlgren, R., Th. Karlsson & P. Lassen.Bot. Not.124: 249-269(1971).
CCDB · fl-europaea — Barros Neves, 1973
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Balog, C. 1984. Features of meiosis in triploid Allium triquetrum. Cytologia 49: 95–103.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Pastor, J. 1982. Karyology of Allium species from the Iberian Peninsula. Phyton (Horn). 22: 171–200.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Ryan, K. G. 1983. Prometaphase and anaphase chromosome movements in living pollen mother cells. Protoplasma 116: 24–33.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Wittmann, H. 1984. Beitrage zur Karyologie der Gattung Allium und zur Verbreitung der Arten im Bundesland Salzburg (Osterreich). Linzer Biol. Beitr. 16: 83–104.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Laan., F. M. V. 1979. In IOPB chromosome number reports LXV. Taxon 28: 636–637.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Badr, A. & T. T. Elkington. 1977. Variation of Giemsa C-band and fluorochrome banded karyotypes, and relationships in Allium subgen. Molium. Pl. Syst. Evol. 128: 23–35.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Balog, C. 1979. Studies on triploid Allium triquetrum 1. The effect of developmental age on univalent frequency and behaviour. Chromosoma 72. 335–346.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Balog, C. 1979a. Studies on triploid Allium triquetrum 11. Metaphase I univalents and their influence on anaphase I distribution. Chromosoma 73: 191–205.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Ruiz Rejon, M. & A. Sanudo. 1976. Estudios cariologicos en especies espanolas del orden Liliales. 1. Allium, Lapiedra, Narcissus. Lagascalia 6: 225–238.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Ohri, D. & K. Pistrick. 2001. Phenology and genome size variation in Allium L.---a tight correlation?. Pl. Biol. (Stuttgart) 3: 654–660.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — Q13 SPETA, F. 1971. Chromosomenzahlen einiger Angiospermen. Oesterr. Bot. z. 119: 1-5.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — RENZONI, G.C., & F. GARBARI. 1970. Il genere Allium L. in Italia: I. Allium pendulinum Ten. e ~- triquetrliiilL. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 104: 61-73.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — DIETRICH, J. 1967. Genre Allium. Caryotypes de 46 especes en culture (Jardin botanique de Strasbourg). Inf. Ann. Caryosyst. et Cytogenet. 1: 23-26.
CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 — Ruiz Rejon & Sanudo 1976
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — BARROS NEVES, J. 1973. Contribution a la connaissance cytotaxinomique des Spermatophyta du Portugal. VIII. Liliaceae. Bol. Soc. Brot. 47(Ser. 2}: 157 212.
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — DAHLGREN, R., TH. KARLSSON, & P. LASSEN. 1971. Studies on the flora I < the Balearic Islands. I. Chromosome numbers in Balearic angiosperms. sot. Notiser 124: 249~269.
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — RUIZ REJON, M. In IOPB chromosome number reports XLVI. Taxon 23: 801- 812.
CCDB · eflora
CCDB · book-fedorov — Levan -1932, 1935
CCDB · book-fedorov — Ved Brat 1965b
CCDB · book-atlas-flowering-plants — Levan 1935
CCDB · kew — Jones RN, Rees H. 1968. Nuclear DNA variation in Allium. Heredity 23: 591-605.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Cela Renzoni, G. & Garbari, F. (1970). Il genere Allium L. in Italia: I. Allium pendulinum Ten. e A. triquetrum L. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 104: 61-73.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Dahlgren, R., Karlsson, Th. & Lassen, P. (1971). Studies on the Flora of the Balearic Islands, I. Chromosome numbers in Balearic Angiosperms. Bot. Not. 124(1): 249-269.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Dietrich, J. (1967). Genre Allium. Caryotipes de 46 espèces en culture. (Jardin botanique de Strasbourg). Inf. Ann. Caryosyst. et Cytogenet. 2: 23-26.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Leal Pérez-Chao, J., Ortiz, A., Pajaron, S. & Rodríguez Pascual, M. L. (1980). Números cromosómicos para la flora española, 155-161. Lagascalia 9(2): 269-272.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Levan, A. (1935). Cytological studies in Allium. VI. The chromosome morphology of some diploid species of Allium. Hereditas 20: 289-330.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Pastor Díaz, J. (1982). Karyology of Allium species from the Iberian Peninsula. Phyton (Horn) 22(2): 171-200.
+5 more references
2n 274×CCDB · CromoCat 2015
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Balog, C. (1982). The mitotic index in diploid and triploid Allium roots. Cytologia 47: 689–697
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Balog, C. (1982a). Ploidy level increases mitotic divisions in Allium roots. Cytologia 47: 779–783
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Leal Pérez-Chao, J., Ortiz, A., Pajaron, S. & Rodríguez Pascual, M. L.
Sotomayor, S.Pajaron
Pascual., M.L.Rodriguez (1980). Numeros cromosomicos para la flora Espanola 121-182. Lagascalia 9: 249 –284.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Rickards, G. K. (1977). Prometaphase I and anaphase I in an interchange heterozygote of Allium triquetrum (Liliaceae). Chromosoma 64: 1–23
2n 161×CCDB · CromoCat 2015
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Arends, J. C. & Van der Laan, F. M. (1979). Reports [In Löve, A. (ed.), IOPB chromosome numbers reports LXV]. Taxon 28(5/6): 636-637.
n 913×CCDB · iber-fl · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 +2
CCDB · iber-fl — IOPB. Chromosome number reports. XLVI. Ruz Rejn, M.Taxon23(5/6): 805-806(1974).
CCDB · iber-fl — Karyology of Allium species from the Iberian peninsula. Pastor Daz, J.Phyton22(2): 171-200(1982).
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Balog, C. 1984. Features of meiosis in triploid Allium triquetrum. Cytologia 49: 95–103.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Pastor, J. 1982. Karyology of Allium species from the Iberian Peninsula. Phyton (Horn). 22: 171–200.
CCDB · ipcn-api-dl — Rickards, G. K. 1977. Prometaphase I and anaphase I in an interchange heterozygote of Allium triquetrum (Liliaceae). Chromosoma 64: 1–23.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — SAGHIR, A.R.B., & L.K. MANN. 1969. Volatile constituents and leaf anatomy in relation to the basic chromosome numbers in Allium. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 172: 49-56.
CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 — DIETRICH, J. 1967. Genre Allium. Caryotypes de 46 especes en culture (Jardin botanique de Strasbourg). Inf. Ann. Caryosyst. et Cytogenet. 1: 23-26.
CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 — RUIZ REJON, M. In IOPB chromosome number reports XLVI. Taxon 23: 801- 812.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Dietrich, J. (1967). Genre Allium. Caryotipes de 46 espèces en culture. (Jardin botanique de Strasbourg). Inf. Ann. Caryosyst. et Cytogenet. 2: 23-26.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Levan, A. (1932). Cytological studies in Allium, II. Chromosome morphological contributions. Hereditas 16: 257-294.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Pastor Díaz, J. (1982). Karyology of Allium species from the Iberian Peninsula. Phyton (Horn) 22(2): 171-200.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Ruíz Rejón, M. (1974). Reports [In Löve, A. (ed.), IOPB chromosome numbers reports XLVI]. Taxon 23(5/6): 805-806.
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Saghir, A. R. B. & L. K. Mann. (1969). Volatile constituents and leaf anatomy in relation to the basic chromosome numbers in Allium. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 172: 49-56.
n 181×CCDB · CromoCat 2015
CCDB · CromoCat 2015 — Barros Neves, J. (1973). Contribution à la connaissance cytotaxonomique des Spermatophyta du Portugal. VIII. Liliaceae. Bol. Soc. Brot. 47: 157-212.
Ploidy records — measured levels and diploid/polyploid inferences · click for sources
diploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
polyploid inferred1×PloiDB · family-scale
PloiDB · family-scale — chromEvol; reliability=0.896 ↗
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type60 332 records
Wild obs. + sensor58 734
Museum / vouchered1 111
Cultivated / captive69
Other418
Origin
Native88
Introduced3 682
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO71 204 km²
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy72% within 1 km
≤100 m 29 608≤1 km 5 746≤10 km 13 517>10 km 430
49 301 georeferenced · 9 433 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor58 734
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy54% within 1 km
≤100 m 72≤1 km 185≤10 km 211>10 km 10
478 georeferenced · 633 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 111
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Coordinate accuracy0% within 1 km
≤10 km 5
5 georeferenced · 64 without coordinates
Open the mapnot free-living69
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions79 of 122 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| BIO-UNIPIlocation not on record | 215 |
| Adelaide, AU | 94 |
| BDBClocation not on record | 48 |
| MAlocation not on record | 46 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 42 |
| BClocation not on record | 42 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 39 |
| Auckland, NZ | 39 |
| Barcelona, ES | 38 |
| Hobart, AU | 31 |
| Kensington, AU | 29 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 21 |
| València, ES | 21 |
| UIBlocation not on record | 16 |
| Corvallis, US | 12 |
| Canberra, AU | 12 |
| South Kensington, GB | 11 |
| Wlocation not on record | 10 |
| Wellington, NZ | 10 |
| Riverside, US | 9 |
| CJBGlocation not on record | 9 |
| Vitoria, ES | 8 |
| Salamanca, ES | 8 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 8 |
| Granada, ES | 8 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 8 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 8 |
| Davis, US | 7 |
| CASlocation not on record | 7 |
| Entomological Society of Latvialocation not on record | 7 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 7 |
| College of the Atlantic, Museumlocation not on record | 6 |
| Museo Achille Folettolocation not on record | 6 |
| Parkville, AU | 6 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 6 |
| Saint Louis, US | 5 |
| Bronx, US | 5 |
| Odawara, JP | 5 |
| Badajoz, ES | 5 |
| DOI/NPS, Little Rock Central High School National Historic Sitelocation not on record | 5 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 5 |
| Arcata, US | 4 |
| Phyletisches Museum Jenalocation not on record | 4 |
| San Diego, US | 4 |
| Sevilla, ES | 4 |
| San Luis Obispo, US | 4 |
| Alicante, ES | 4 |
| Madrid, ES | 4 |
| Santa Barbara, US | 3 |
| JBSlocation not on record | 3 |
| Portland, US | 3 |
| Santa Cruz, US | 3 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 3 |
| Claremont, US | 3 |
| Boise, US | 3 |
| San Jose, US | 3 |
| EL PASO, US | 3 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 3 |
| Turlock, US | 3 |
| Pullman, US | 3 |
| Northridge, US | 2 |
| BRNUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Armidale, AU | 2 |
| Copenhagen, DK | 2 |
| PRClocation not on record | 2 |
| BGPAlocation not on record | 2 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Pamplona, ES | 2 |
| Córdoba, ES | 2 |
| San Isidro, AR | 2 |
| Henry Brockhouse Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| Palmerston North, NZ | 2 |
| Kew, GB | 2 |
| John T. Waterhouse Herbariumlocation not on record | 2 |
| Naturalis Biodiversity Centerlocation not on record | 2 |
| Paris, FR | 2 |
| Logan, US | 1 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 1 |
| Fukushima Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Dresden, DE | 1 |
| South African National Biodiversity Institute, Compton Herbariumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Provo, US | 1 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 1 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 1 |
| Henderson, US | 1 |
| Berlin, DE | 1 |
| ISAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Podgorica, ME | 1 |
| Gijón, ES | 1 |
| Brisbane, AU | 1 |
| New Haven, US | 1 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Santiago de Compostela, ES | 1 |
| Vancouver, CA | 1 |
| NMWlocation not on record | 1 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| Buenos Aires, AR | 1 |
| Royal Botanic Gardens, Kewlocation not on record | 1 |
| John May Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| Tampa, US | 1 |
| Columbia, US | 1 |
| Hunan Geological Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Coimbra, PT | 1 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 1 |
| Bourges, FR | 1 |
| Madrid, ES | 1 |
| Uppsala, SE | 1 |
| Arequipa, PE | 1 |
| Jaén, ES | 1 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 1 |
| Xiamen, CN | 1 |
| Bloomington, US | 1 |
| Moscow, US | 1 |
| Karlsruhe, DE | 1 |
| Batemans Bay, AU | 1 |
| La Trobe Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Palmerston, AU | 1 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 1 |
| ESP004location not on record | 1 |
| Frankfurt am Main | 1 |
| Clocation not on record | 1 |
122 institutions · 1 066 of 1 111 vouchered records shown · 41 without an institution code
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
09Environmental DNA9 detections
Where the DNA of Allium triquetrum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found9
Studies independent surveys1
Countries6
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 9 detections have coordinates
Open the map6 countries0
Woodland
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median15.2 °C 11.2–16.9
Seasonal swing summer↔winter14.6 °C
Max temp (day)19.2 °C 13.9–22.0
Min temp (night)10.2 °C 7.80–12.4
Precipitation65.0 mm/mo 27.8–117
Air humidity59.3 % 53.2–61.8
Moisture balance-39.6 mm/mo -82.2–20.6
Vapour deficit732 Pa 513–1,028
Wind speed3.40 m/s 2.50–4.40
Cloud cover38.0 % 21.8–41.9
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 8 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.