Allium thunbergii
G.Don · speciesAt a glance
Sources13 archives
Databases and archives Allium thunbergii's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation9 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility1 750 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI18 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics13 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome & karyotype↗
PloiDBPloidy Databasegenome & karyotype
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Allium thunbergii, Thunberg's chive or Thunberg garlic, is an East Asian species of wild onion native to Japan (incl Bonin + Ryukyu Islands), Korea, and China (incl. Taiwan).Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families It grows at elevations up to 3000 m. The Flora of China recognizes A. tunbergii and A. stenodon as separate species, but more recent sources combine the two.Flora of China v 24 p 197, Allium thunbergiiFlora of China v 24 p 179, Allium stenodonOhwi, J. (1984). Flora of Japan (in English): 1-1067. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C..Kobayashi, S. & Ono, M. (1987). A Revised List of Vascular Plants Indigenous and Introduced to the Bonin (Ogasawara) and the Volcano (Kazan) Islands. Ogasawara Research 13: 1-55. Allium thunbergii produces one or two egg-shaped bulbs up to 20 mm in diameter. Scapes are up to 50 cm tall. Leaves are longer than the scape, hollow, triangular in cross-section. Umbels are crowded with many red or purple flowers.Don, George. 1827. Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society 6: 84.Nakai, Takenoshin & Kitagawa, Masao. 1934. Report of the First Scientific Expedition to Manchoukou 4(1): 18, pl. 6., as Allium stenodonLiu, Tang Shui & Ying, Shao Shun. 1978. Flora of Taiwan 5: 45P.P.Gritsenko. 1979. Byull. Vses. Ord. Lenina Inst. Rast. N.I. Vavilova 96: 23line drawing of Allium thunbergii, Flora of China Illustrations vol. 24, fig. 221, 1-4 The specific epithet thunbergii references the Swedish botanist Carl Peter Thunberg. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit. Varieties Allium thunbergii var. deltoides (S.O.Yu, S.Lee & W.T.Lee) H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh - Gayasan National Park in Korea Allium thunbergii var. teretifolium H.J.Choi & B.U.Oh - Korea Allium thunbergii var. thunbergii - China, Japan, Korea
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology4
Life cycle & reproduction5
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment9
Physiology & chemistry1
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Allium thunbergii has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Allium thunbergii carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 1612×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78 · CCDB · book-ipcn73-74 +3
2n 323×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · kew
tetraploid1×GoaT · Kew Plant DNA C-values Database
diploid inferred1×PloiDB · genus-scale
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type1 750 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions29 of 55 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Tsukuba, JP | 123 |
| Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 87 |
| Odawara, JP | 87 |
| Shinshu Universitylocation not on record | 79 |
| Sanda, JP | 54 |
| Beijing, CN | 48 |
| Nagano City, JP | 45 |
| Kochi, JP | 43 |
| KR | 37 |
| Herbarium of the Department of Botany, University of Tokyolocation not on record | 32 |
| Tomioka, JP | 28 |
| Bando, JP | 25 |
| Northeastern Forestry Universitylocation not on record | 23 |
| KURAlocation not on record | 20 |
| Korea National Arboretumlocation not on record | 17 |
| Tokushima, JP | 17 |
| Sendai, JP | 13 |
| Sugadaira Research Station, Mountain Science Center, University of Tsukubalocation not on record | 13 |
| DMZ botanic gardenlocation not on record | 13 |
| Kyoto Universitylocation not on record | 12 |
| Shenyang Agricultural Universitylocation not on record | 10 |
| Chiba, JP | 9 |
| Osaka, JP | 7 |
| J.F.Oberlin Universitylocation not on record | 6 |
| Servico de Microbiologia e Imunologialocation not on record | 6 |
| Omachi Alpine Museumlocation not on record | 6 |
| Inner Mongolia Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Guilin, CN | 4 |
| Fukushima Universitylocation not on record | 4 |
| Sagamihara, JP | 3 |
| Kagoshima, JP | 3 |
| Saint Louis, US | 3 |
| Toyota city nature sanctuarylocation not on record | 3 |
| Nishihara, JP | 3 |
| Nishihara, JP | 2 |
| Burlington, US | 2 |
| Toyama, JP | 2 |
| KIWElocation not on record | 2 |
| Hangzhou, CN | 2 |
| Taipei, TW | 2 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Elocation not on record | 2 |
| National Institute of Biological Resourceslocation not on record | 2 |
| Philadelphia, US | 2 |
| Berlin, DE | 1 |
| Moscow State Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Hokkaido University Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museum Of Natural And Environmental History, Shizuokalocation not on record | 1 |
| Nanjing, CN | 1 |
| Kunming, CN | 1 |
| Shanxi Institute of Biologylocation not on record | 1 |
| Hebei Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 1 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 1 |
| Columbia, US | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Allium thunbergii was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.