Aesculus chinensis
Bunge · speciesAt a glance
Sources11 archives
Databases and archives Aesculus chinensis's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility262 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI15 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics11 specimens↗
NCBIUS National Library of Medicinesequences↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
NPASSNat. Product Activity & Species Sourcecompounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome ~0.60 Gbp↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Aesculus chinensis, the Chinese horse chestnut (Chinese:七叶树 qi ye shu), is a tree species in the genus Aesculus found in eastern Asia. The seed contains triterpenoid saponins and flavonoids, such as aescuflavoside and aescuflavoside A, which are glycosides of quercetin.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology1
Life cycle & reproduction3
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment6
Physiology & chemistry2
Compounds documented for Aesculus chinensis across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile4 classes
Documented compounds74 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8,10-dihydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-9-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8,10-dihydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-9-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aS,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-10-acetyloxy-9-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-8-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-(((4S,6Bs,8R,9R)-9-Acetyloxy-8-Hydroxy-4,8A-Bis(Hydroxymethyl)-4,6A,6B,11,11,14B-Hexamethyl-10-((E)-2-Methylbut-2-Enoyl)Oxy-1,2,3,4A,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12A,14,14A-Tetradecahydropicen-3-Yl)Oxy)-4-Hydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxy-5-((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(Hydroxymethyl)Oxan-2-Yl)Oxyoxane-2-Carboxylic Acid | present | NPASS | |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8,9,10-trihydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | NPASS | |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-10-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-10-acetyloxy-8a-(acetyloxymethyl)-8,9-dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8,10-dihydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-9-[(E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8,9,10-trihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-8a-(2-methylbut-2-enoyloxymethyl)-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS | |
| (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8,9-dihydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Aesculus chinensis has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Aesculus chinensis carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type262 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions26 of 38 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Beijing, CN | 66 |
| Zhengzhou, CN | 38 |
| Yangling, CN | 28 |
| Seoul, KR | 14 |
| Xian, CN | 11 |
| WNNUlocation not on record | 5 |
| Guangzhou, CN | 5 |
| Kunming, CN | 5 |
| Lanzhou, CN | 4 |
| Beijing Natural History Museumlocation not on record | 3 |
| Zhuzhou, CN | 3 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 3 |
| Central China Normal Universitylocation not on record | 2 |
| Xinxiang, CN | 2 |
| Guilin, CN | 2 |
| Chengdu, CN | 2 |
| Xian, CN | 2 |
| Chengdu, CN | 1 |
| Wuhan, CN | 1 |
| Peking Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Nanchong, CN | 1 |
| Nanjing, CN | 1 |
| Kew, GB | 1 |
| Philadelphia, US | 1 |
| Herbarium of South China Botanical Gardenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 1 |
| Shanghai, CN | 1 |
| Capital Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Shanghai, CN | 1 |
| Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinicalocation not on record | 1 |
| Philadelphia, US | 1 |
| Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznańlocation not on record | 1 |
| Hebei Normal Universitylocation not on record | 1 |
| Beijing, CN | 1 |
| Zhejiang Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record | 1 |
| Xining, CN | 1 |
| FJFClocation not on record | 1 |
| Saint Louis, US | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Aesculus chinensis was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.