Adiantum raddianum
C.Presl · speciesAt a glance
Sources9 archives
Databases and archives Adiantum raddianum's data was compiled from.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation9 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility4 517 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI299 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics18 specimens↗
LOTUSNatural Products (Wikidata)compounds↗
GRIN TaxonomyUSDA-ARSdistribution & uses↗
CCDBChromosome Counts DB · Tel Aviv U.genome & karyotype↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗Every layer below draws on the sources above — open one to explore it, or use ← → to move between tabs.
Adiantum raddianum, the Delta maidenhair fern, is one of the most popular ferns to grow indoors.Adiantum raddianum, Missouri Botanical Garden. It is native to South America and its common name comes from its shiny, dark leafstalks that resemble human hair. It typically grows about 17-19 in tall and up to 22 in wide. In the wild, it is found on forest floors, rock crevices, river banks, coastal cliffs, and basalt banks along trails and streams. The triangular fronds are semi-erect in the beginning then droop gracefully as they age and can be up to 12 inAdiantum raddianum, NC Cooperative Extension. long by 6 in wide. The genus name Adiantum comes from the Greek word "adiantos", meaning "unwetted" (in reference to the leaves). This plant is hardy down to 5 C, so must be grown indoors in temperate regions. However it may be placed outside in a sheltered spot during the summer months. It requires high humidity, well-drained soil, bright indirect light, and a fairly constant temperature. It prefers neutral or slightly alkaline soil and is suitable for USDA hardiness zones 10 and 11. It can be susceptible to scale and mealybug. The cultivars ‘Brilliantelse’ and ‘Kensington Gem’ have won the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. A. raddianum is sometimes considered invasive in Hawaii and French Polynesia.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
Size & morphology2
Life cycle & reproduction3
Diet & foraging1
Habitat & environment9
Compounds documented for Adiantum raddianum across natural-product and food-composition databases — not just the ~150 nutrients on a classic label ("nutritional dark matter").
Compound class profile5 classes
Documented compounds31 total
| Compound | Class | Amount | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| (1R,3R,3aR,5aS,5bR,7aS,11aS,11bR)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-1-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (3aS,5aR,5bR,7aS,11aS,11bR,13aS,13bS)-5a,5b,8,8,11a,13b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-hexadecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R,3aR,5aR,5bR,7aS,11aR,11bR,13aS,13bS)-3a,5a,7a,11b,13a-pentamethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,5b,6,7,10,11,11a,12,13,13b-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-8-carbaldehyde | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R,3aR,5aR,5bR,7aS,11aS,11bR,13S,13aR)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-3-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-13-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R,3aR,5aR,5bR,7aS,11aS,11bR,13S,13aS)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-3-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13a-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysen-13-ol | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R,3aR,5aR,5bR,7aS,11aS,13aS,13bS)-3a,5a,8,8,11a,13a-hexamethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,5b,6,7,7a,9,10,11,13,13b-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R,3aR,5aR,5bS,7aS,11aS,11bR,13aS,13bR)-3a,5a,7a,11b,13a-pentamethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,5b,6,7,10,11,11a,12,13,13b-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene-8-carbaldehyde | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R,3aR,5aS,5bR,7aS,11aS,11bR)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R,3aR,5aS,5bR,7aS,11aS,11bR,13bS)-3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a-hexamethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13b-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene | present | LOTUS | |
| (3R,3aR,5aS,7aS,11aS,11bR,13aS,13bR)-3a,5a,8,8,11a,13a-hexamethyl-3-propan-2-yl-1,2,3,4,5,7,7a,9,10,11,11b,12,13,13b-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]chrysene | present | LOTUS |
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Adiantum raddianum has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
The complete instruction manual Adiantum raddianum carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Chromosomes & ploidyhow the DNA is packaged
2n is the full chromosome count in a normal body cell; n is a gamete (egg or sperm), which carries half. Ploidy is how many complete chromosome sets each cell holds — 2× (diploid) is typical for animals, while higher levels (polyploidy) are common in plants. Click any value below to see the underlying records and sources.
2n 871×CCDB · book-ipcn75-78
2n 1141×CCDB · Cave1962
2n 1201×CCDB · Cave1963
2n 2281×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
n 583×CCDB · book-ipcn65 · CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · book-ipcn75-78
n 1143×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl
n 572×CCDB · book-ipcn67-71 · CCDB · Cave1962
n 602×CCDB · ipcn-api-dl · CCDB · Cave1963
n 1161×CCDB · Cave1958
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
Record type4 517 records
Origin
Range
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Holding institutions101 of 213 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
| Institution | Specimens |
|---|---|
| Saint Louis, US | 140 |
| Blumenau, BR | 112 |
| Bronx, US | 93 |
| San Jose State University, Museum of Birds and Mammalslocation not on record | 88 |
| Chicago, US | 83 |
| Auckland, NZ | 61 |
| Lake Charles, US | 54 |
| UNESP-IBILCElocation not on record | 49 |
| Wellington, NZ | 47 |
| UFMGlocation not on record | 46 |
| Universidade Federale do Rio Grande do Sullocation not on record | 44 |
| Kew, GB | 43 |
| Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paranálocation not on record | 41 |
| UNESP, Campus São José Rio Prêtolocation not on record | 41 |
| Córdoba, AR | 39 |
| UTFPR-CPlocation not on record | 29 |
| San Isidro, AR | 28 |
| Cape Town, ZA | 26 |
| IAPlocation not on record | 25 |
| Corrientes, AR | 24 |
| University of Stellenboschlocation not on record | 22 |
| Durban, ZA | 20 |
| Pretoria, ZA | 20 |
| Campo Mourão, BR | 20 |
| BISHlocation not on record | 20 |
| UFPRlocation not on record | 19 |
| JBRJlocation not on record | 18 |
| MeiseBGlocation not on record | 17 |
| Minia, EG | 17 |
| UNESP-RClocation not on record | 17 |
| Christchurch, NZ | 16 |
| UnBlocation not on record | 16 |
| National Biodiversity Institute, Costa Ricalocation not on record | 15 |
| Museo Nacional de Costa Rica (MNCR)location not on record | 15 |
| South Kensington, GB | 14 |
| Universidad Nacional de Asunciónlocation not on record | 14 |
| LDlocation not on record | 13 |
| Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL)location not on record | 13 |
| Calabar, NG | 13 |
| Université de Bordeauxlocation not on record | 11 |
| Xiamen, CN | 11 |
| Santa Cruz de la Sierra, BO | 10 |
| UNESClocation not on record | 9 |
| Laboratory of Palaeontologylocation not on record | 9 |
| UNEMATlocation not on record | 9 |
| Aarhus, DK | 9 |
| PUC-RSlocation not on record | 9 |
| Londrina, BR | 9 |
| Ivano-Frankivsk, UA | 9 |
| Cascavel, BR | 8 |
| FUVATESlocation not on record | 8 |
| Ciudad de México, MX | 8 |
| Guatemala City, GT | 8 |
| Paris, FR | 8 |
| Castelar, AR | 8 |
| Universiti Sains Malaysialocation not on record | 8 |
| Universidad de Caldas (UCaldas)location not on record | 7 |
| Criciúma, BR | 7 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 6 |
| Foz do Iguaçu, BR | 6 |
| McWane Science Centerlocation not on record | 6 |
| ESALQlocation not on record | 6 |
| UFBAlocation not on record | 6 |
| UFSClocation not on record | 6 |
| Salvador, BR | 6 |
| Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Región Xalapalocation not on record | 6 |
| UNICAMPlocation not on record | 6 |
| Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paranálocation not on record | 6 |
| Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Nortelocation not on record | 6 |
| Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, AR | 6 |
| Tampa, US | 5 |
| UERJlocation not on record | 5 |
| Durango, MX | 5 |
| UFMSlocation not on record | 5 |
| Sucre, BO | 5 |
| Chongqing Museumlocation not on record | 5 |
| Government College University Lahore, Dr. Sultan Ahmad Herbariumlocation not on record | 4 |
| Gutierrez,J. & Carretero, A.C"location not on record | 4 |
| Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt (IAvH)location not on record | 4 |
| Vancouver, CA | 4 |
| Santarém, BR | 4 |
| Morelia, MX | 4 |
| Cusco, PE | 4 |
| UFRRJlocation not on record | 4 |
| UTPLlocation not on record | 4 |
| Honolulu, US | 4 |
| Mexico City, MX | 4 |
| La Paz, BO | 4 |
| Centro de Estudios y Colecciones Biológicas para la Conservaciónlocation not on record | 4 |
| Rotorua, NZ | 3 |
| Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreallocation not on record | 3 |
| Berlin, DE | 3 |
| Herbario Selva Central Oxapampa - estación biológica del Jardín Botánico de Missourilocation not on record | 3 |
| Corporación Autónoma Regional Para la Defensa de la Meseta de Bucaramanga (CDMB)location not on record | 3 |
| Mount Annan, AU | 3 |
| UEMlocation not on record | 3 |
| UTFPR-SLlocation not on record | 3 |
| Durham, US | 3 |
| Fort Worth, US | 3 |
| Cochabamba, BO | 3 |
| QCNElocation not on record | 3 |
| Laboratorio de Ictiologialocation not on record | 3 |
| Plocation not on record | 3 |
| Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Moreloslocation not on record | 3 |
| San José, CR | 3 |
| Universidade Federal de Santa Catarinalocation not on record | 3 |
| Universidad Nacional de Misiones- CONICETlocation not on record | 3 |
| Olocation not on record | 3 |
| Antiguo Cuscatlán, SV | 3 |
| UTFPR-DVlocation not on record | 3 |
| HUT Culture Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| UEMAlocation not on record | 2 |
| MAlocation not on record | 2 |
| INMAlocation not on record | 2 |
| HUAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Odawara, JP | 2 |
| Brisbane, AU | 2 |
| ASUlocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidad Católica de Oriente (UCO)location not on record | 2 |
| Dresden, DE | 2 |
| GZUlocation not on record | 2 |
| UNIVILLElocation not on record | 2 |
| UFOPlocation not on record | 2 |
| Adelaide, AU | 2 |
| Brasília, BR | 2 |
| UDESC-CAVlocation not on record | 2 |
| PUC-RIOlocation not on record | 2 |
| Irvine, US | 2 |
| UNISANTAlocation not on record | 2 |
| Long Beach, US | 2 |
| Paleontological Collectionlocation not on record | 2 |
| Taipei, TW | 2 |
| Universidade de São Paulolocation not on record | 2 |
| UFPElocation not on record | 2 |
| Tuxtla Gutiérrez, MX | 2 |
| Palmerston North, NZ | 2 |
| Museo naturalistico del Frignano Ferruccio Minghellilocation not on record | 2 |
| Universidade da Região de Joinville - Univillelocation not on record | 2 |
| Oskarshamn, SE | 2 |
| Provincia di Livornolocation not on record | 2 |
| Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA)location not on record | 2 |
| Wuzhou, CN | 2 |
| Institut und Museum fuer Geologie und Palaeontologielocation not on record | 2 |
| Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldilocation not on record | 1 |
| Gump Stationlocation not on record | 1 |
| Cenargenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Quito, EC | 1 |
| Burlington, US | 1 |
| Canadian Department of Agriculturelocation not on record | 1 |
| MEXUlocation not on record | 1 |
| Masindi, UG | 1 |
| Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paranálocation not on record | 1 |
| Durham, US | 1 |
| Iquitos, PE | 1 |
| TAFORI-LSRClocation not on record | 1 |
| MCNAMlocation not on record | 1 |
| UChlocation not on record | 1 |
| Provo, US | 1 |
| Feira de Santana, BR | 1 |
| Santa Teresa, BR | 1 |
| La Société Guernesiaise, Priaulx Librarylocation not on record | 1 |
| Parc Botanique et Zoologique de Tsimbazaza (PBZT)location not on record | 1 |
| Uppsala, SE | 1 |
| St. Augustine, TT | 1 |
| College Park, US | 1 |
| COLlocation not on record | 1 |
| WTUlocation not on record | 1 |
| arosemena tola, EC | 1 |
| Universität Göttingenlocation not on record | 1 |
| Brasília, BR | 1 |
| Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Karlsruhe (State Museum of Natural History)location not on record | 1 |
| Philadelphia, US | 1 |
| València, ES | 1 |
| Arequipa, PE | 1 |
| Glocation not on record | 1 |
| Mishler Lablocation not on record | 1 |
| Denver, US | 1 |
| Arusha, TZ | 1 |
| Natural History Museum Rotterdamlocation not on record | 1 |
| Bangkok, TH | 1 |
| Hobart, AU | 1 |
| San Francisco, US | 1 |
| MVJBlocation not on record | 1 |
| Museo Entomologico de Leonlocation not on record | 1 |
| Portland, US | 1 |
| Knoxville, US | 1 |
| St. Paul, US | 1 |
| Wlocation not on record | 1 |
| Logan, US | 1 |
| Bloomington, US | 1 |
| Austin, US | 1 |
| Madison, US | 1 |
| Sanda, JP | 1 |
| Felix d'Herelle Reference Center for Bacterial Viruseslocation not on record | 1 |
| HAWlocation not on record | 1 |
| Stockholm, SE | 1 |
| UFRPElocation not on record | 1 |
| Institut fur Allgemeine Mikrobiologielocation not on record | 1 |
| Mexico City, MX | 1 |
| Centro de Pesquisas Agropecuarias do Tropico Umidolocation not on record | 1 |
| UNESP-FCAlocation not on record | 1 |
| Barcelona, ES | 1 |
| Zlocation not on record | 1 |
| University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record | 1 |
| BRLUlocation not on record | 1 |
| New Brunswick, US | 1 |
| Podgorica, ME | 1 |
| Turku, FI | 1 |
| CASlocation not on record | 1 |
| James F. Matthews Center for Biodiversity Studieslocation not on record | 1 |
| Canberra, AU | 1 |
| Muséum National d'Histoire Naturellelocation not on record | 1 |
| Seropédica, BR | 1 |
Cultivated / Captivenot free-living
A living individual in a botanical garden, zoo or nursery — cultivated or kept, not free-living.
Where the DNA of Adiantum raddianum was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Where its DNA was found
How strong is each trace?
Measured at samplingin-field
Modelled climatemodelled
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.