Abudefduf sordidus, commonly known as the Blackspot sergeant or kūpīpī in Hawaii, is a large solitaryDamselfish in the family Pomacentridae common in the tropical Indo-Pacific.
No narrative description available for this taxon yet.
A DNA barcode is a short, standardised stretch of genes that works like a fingerprint — enough to tell one species from another. Below is the molecular trace Abudefduf sordidus has left across the world's sequence archives.
At a glance
DNA specimens54
BINs2
Marker genes3
eDNA detections43
Countries13
The DNA barcodethe species' typical barcode, built from every sequenced specimen
COI-5P652 bp consensus44 specimens
ACGT
▸ drag or hover over the strip to read any position — letter and how much it varies
Violet ticks below the strip = positions where individuals differ; flat = the species' unchanging signature. 98% of positions are identical in every specimen.
Where individuals differ — all 12 variable positions, in barcode order
Each circle is a barcode variant; bigger = more specimens, colour = region. Lines join the most similar variants and the tick marks count the mutations between them — a tight cluster is one “dialect”, a long line a more divergent lineage. Click a circle to list its actual specimens.
Diversity (π)0.92%
Haplotypes11
BINs2
Most divergent pair1.8%
OceaniaAfricaN.America
Closest relatives by DNA barcode
The species whose COI barcode is most similar to this one — a quick “who is this most like”. The percentage is how much the barcode differs; it approximates, but is not, the full evolutionary tree.
★ the standard DNA barcode for this group — the short region actually read to tell this species apart. The rest are extra genes sequenced along the way.
★COI-5P16SCYTB
animal barcoderibosomalmitochondrial
06Genome at a glanceGoaT
The complete instruction manualAbudefduf sordidus carries — its genome. We read it from three angles — how big it is, how the DNA is packed into chromosomes, and how completely it has been sequenced — and explain how to read each value as you go.
Genome sizehow big the whole instruction manual is
Genome size811 740 000 bp
Measured in base pairs (bp) — the individual letters of DNA (human ≈ 3.2 Gb, a bacterium a few million). The chart places this genome on a logarithmic scale — each step to the right is ten times bigger — among reference organisms. Across species a bigger genome loosely tracks with larger cells, slower growth and lower-energy lifestyles (powered flight favours small genomes) — yet it does not imply more genes or a more advanced organism (the long-standing C-value paradox).
BACTERIUM Carsonella ruddii0.00016 Gb
FUNGUS0.04 Gb
INSECT0.25 Gb
THIS GENOME Abudefduf sordidus0.81 Gb
HUMAN3.2 Gb
WHEAT17 Gb
FERN Tmesipteris160.45 Gb
07Deep time~5.61 Ma lineage
How far back this lineage goes — and how we know. Everything here is measured in Ma, short for “mega-annum”: millions of years ago. The chart reads left to right like a calendar of the Earth, from the deep past on the left to today at the right edgetop to bottom like a core drilled through the Earth, from the deep past at the top down to today at the bottom.
At a glance
DNA clock origin5.61 Ma TimeTree
When this lineage existed
How to read this: the coloured strip along the bottomdown the left is the geological calendar — the standard epochs (Pliocene, Pleistocene…) every museum uses, shown so you can see which chapter of Earth's history this lineage lived in. This lineage is a young one, so the strip is zoomed in to epochs — the finer subdivisions inside a period. The orange marker is the DNA clock: DNA accumulates mutations at a roughly steady rate, so comparing this species' DNA with its relatives estimates when the lineage split off — independently of any fossil.
DNA clock origin
08Occurrence & distribution
Record type6 290 records
Wild obs. + sensor4 939
Museum / vouchered1 311
Other40
Origin
Native36
Range
Area of Occupancy AOO6 844 km²
Depth
0–200 m sunlit587
200–1000 m twilight0
1–4 km midnight0
>4 km abyssal0
median 4 m · max 152.5 m · 587 records with depth
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
Coordinate accuracy88% within 1 km
≤100 m 2 125≤1 km 832≤10 km 236>10 km 173
3 366 georeferenced · 1 573 without coordinates
Open the mapobservation + sensor4 939
Museum / Voucheredphysical evidence
Backed by a physical specimen — a herbarium sheet, sample or voucher held in a collection. “Vouchered” means supported by material evidence, not just an observation.
Coordinate accuracy30% within 1 km
≤100 m 45≤1 km 43≤10 km 132>10 km 72
292 georeferenced · 1 019 without coordinates
Open the institutions mapphysical evidence1 311
Wildobservation + sensor
Human sightings and records, or camera-trap / sensor detections — someone (or a device) saw or captured the species in the wild.
10Collections & institutions
Holding institutions18 of 48 geolocated
Institutions and collections holding physical, vouchered specimens of this species — click a row to fly to it on the map.
Institution
Specimens
Kagoshima University Museumlocation not on record
164
CASlocation not on record
93
Washington, US
93
South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversitylocation not on record
88
Sydney, AU
63
Western Australian Museumlocation not on record
36
National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korealocation not on record
28
Toronto, CA
22
Cambridge, US
21
Paris, FR
20
UWFClocation not on record
18
Los Angeles, US
16
15
Chicago, US
14
Fisheries Research Laboratory, Mie Universitylocation not on record
14
Frankfurt am Main
13
Natick, US
10
Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territorylocation not on record
8
Museo civico La Terra e l'Uomo di Crocetta del Montellolocation not on record
7
Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology & Paleobotanylocation not on record
5
Chiba, JP
4
Wuzhou, CN
4
FishBaselocation not on record
4
SEAOBISlocation not on record
4
DOI/NPS, Salem Maritime National Historic Sitelocation not on record
4
New Haven, US
3
Yokosuka City Museumlocation not on record
3
National Natural History Collectionslocation not on record
3
Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collectionlocation not on record
2
University of Alberta Museumslocation not on record
2
University of California San Diegolocation not on record
2
North Carolina Museum of Natural Scienceslocation not on record
2
Auckland, NZ
2
Stockholm, SE
2
NSMKlocation not on record
2
Curtin Universitylocation not on record
1
Moore Laboratory of Zoology, Occidental Collegelocation not on record
1
Muséum National d'Histoire Naturellelocation not on record
1
Criobelocation not on record
1
University of Minnesota, James Ford Bell Museum of Natural Historylocation not on record
1
No Voucherlocation not on record
1
Honolulu, US
1
Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciêncialocation not on record
1
Ann Arbor, US
1
South Kensington, GB
1
Australian Museum, Sydneylocation not on record
1
Food Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisherieslocation not on record
1
Smithsonianlocation not on record
1
48 institutions · 804 of 1 311 vouchered records shown · 43 without an institution code
09Environmental DNA43 detections
Where the DNA of Abudefduf sordidus was picked up in samples of water, soil or air — nobody saw the organism, only its DNA left behind. A trace is a clue that the species was near, not a confirmed sighting.
Signal
Detections DNA found43
Studies independent surveys1
Countries12
Signal confidence: weakweighed across independent studies, places & mapped detections
Where its DNA was found
0 of 43 detections have coordinates
Open the map12 countries0
CoralMarine
How strong is each trace?
DNA read depthRead counts were not reported for this species — the map shows presence only, not how strong each trace was.
Modelled climatemodelled
−15°Ctemperature across detection sites+40°C
Temperature median22.7 °C 11.7–26.4
Seasonal swing summer↔winter3.90 °C
Max temp (day)23.6 °C 16.9–27.9
Min temp (night)21.2 °C 9.20–25.4
Precipitation90.5 mm/mo 13.8–274
Air humidity61.9 % 58.0–68.5
Moisture balance230 mm/mo
Vapour deficit1,072 Pa 691–1,309
Wind speed7.00 m/s
Cloud cover22.8 % 16.5–41.3
CHELSA 1981–2010, ~9 km grid, at location & month of 33 detection points · median with p10–p90 · reflects where sampling happened, not only the true niche
How to read this: each dot is one detection of this species' DNA in an environmental sample. The confidence meter weighs how many independent studies and places back up the signal — one detection in one study is a hint; many across several studies is solid. Records dated before 2008 (when eDNA methods began) are treated as likely mislabeled and left off the map.
WikipediaWikimedia Foundation6 languages↗
BioWikiNetmultilingual Wikipediamultilingual↗
GBIFGlobal Biodiversity Information Facility4 723 records↗
OBISOcean Biodiversity Information System1 567 records↗
ENAEuropean Nucleotide Archive · EMBL-EBI43 eDNA detections↗
BOLD SystemsCentre for Biodiversity Genomics54 specimens↗
Open Tree of LifeOpenTreephylogeny backbone↗
GoaTGenomes on a Tree · Sangergenome ~0.81 Gbp↗
WikidataWikimedia Foundationstructured facts↗
Catalogue of LifeCOLtaxonomy↗
GLoBIGlobal Biotic Interactionsbiotic interactions↗